Peruvian Inca Orchid Dog Club of America Breed Standard
General Appearance
An elegant and graceful Sighthound of moderate size, giving the
appearance of speed, strength and balance without any trace of
coarseness. The fundamental characteristic of the breed is the absence
of hair on the body, except for small vestiges on the head, extremities
and tail.
Height/Weight
Dogs: 18 to 22 Bitches: 17 to 21 Sizes slightly over or under are
not to be penalized. The weight should be proportionate to the height
and bone structure of each animal.
Head
Viewed from the top, the cranium width is the total length of the head,
it is wide from the back and tapers toward the nose. In profile, the
slightly rounded skull and the muzzle are parallel and equal in length,
with a barely perceptible stop. The lips are tight and adhere closely to
the gums. A distinctive lozenge placed high on the skull between the
ears is desirable.
Neck
Long and graceful with good muscle development. Well arched at the base
of the skull, blending elegantly into the shoulders.
Body
Boning is light but strong; the ribs are well sprung and substantial.
The chest is deep and moderately narrow, reaches almost to the elbows.
Shoulders sloping and well set back. The back, practically level past
the withers, muscles slightly arched over the loin, most easily seen in
the hairless when gaited. The abdomen is well muscled and clearly drawn
up, the rump slightly rounded.
Feet
Harefoot with webbing between the toes, especially apparent in the
hairless. Turning neither in nor out, feet are well padded with strong,
long nails.
Forequarters
Long, straight and strong. Elbows neither in nor out. Pasterns strong
and flexible. FAULT: Knuckled over.
Hindquarters
Moderate angulation with the hindquarters set under the body. Thighs
wide, flat and muscular, with well bent stifles. Hocks straight when
viewed from the rear.
Tail
Long and tapering to a point, reaching past the hip bone when drawn
between the legs. At rest, reaches the hock and gently turns up. Saber
tail when moving.
Ears
HAIRLESS: Medium to large pricked ears set in a direct line back on the
skull from the outer corner of the eyes and gently tapering to a point.
Ears may be folded when at rest, gaiting or coursing.
COATED: Semi-pricked ears, the tips may fall forward or outward to the
side. Ears may be folded back when at rest, gaiting or coursing.
Eyes
Medium sized, almond shaped with alert expression. Eye rims self colored
or black, completely filled in. Eye color to compliment coat color. Blue
eyes not permitted.
Nose and Lips
Black in the darker marked and solid colored dogs. Self colored in the
lighter types. Completely filled in.
Bite
Scissors bite preferred level bite acceptable in both varieties. Missing
teeth should not be penalized, as it is related to the hairless factor.
The coated variety should have full dentition.
Skin
Skin is smooth and supple. Scars and scratches are not to be penalized.
A narrow patch of hair from the skull to the stop should be present;
fuzz on the forehead is acceptable. Sparse hair on the lower tail, lower
hocks and feet is acceptable.
Coat
Short to medium single coat, texture moderately coarse, to soft and
longer with feathering on ears and tail.
Colors
In hairless, seasonal changes increase or decrease the depth of
pigmentation on individual dogs. White/pink preferred with any
combination of listed colors; Rose, Gold, Tan, Mahogany, Chocolate,
Black, Blue, Gray.
Gait
Free flowing, covers a maximum distance with minimal effort. The
forelegs reach well forward with good drive in the rear, the feet tend
to move closer to the centerline when moving and viewed from the front
and rear. The feet should not cross or interfere with each other.
FAULTS: Paddling, hackney or mincing gait.
Temperment
Adult dogs are calm and quiet. Intelligent and independent, they are
devoted to their owners, reserved with strangers, but seldom aggressive.
NOTE:
The male should have two testicles of normal appearance both completely
descended from the scrotum.
Approved October, 1999
Peruvian
Hairless standard:
FCI-Standard N° 310/ 25. 04. 2001 / GB
PERUVIAN HAIRLESS DOG
(Perro sin pelo del Perϊ)
TRANSLATION: Mrs. Peggy Davis.
ORIGIN: Peru.
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD: 13.03.2001.
UTILIZATION: Companion dog.
CLASSIFICATION F.C.I : Group 5 Spitz and primitive type. Section 6 Dogs
of primitive type. Without working trial.
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY: According to certain experts, this dog
was introduced in Peru during the Chinese immigration, soon after the
promulgation of the law abolishing the slavery of the blacks by the
president of Peru, Don Ramσn Castilla. On the other hand, other
searchers suppose that this dog comes from the African continent through
the intermediary of nomads who arrived in America accompanied by their
hairless dogs. Another possible explanation is that the presence of this
dog would be due to the migration of men and their dogs from Asia to
America through the Bering Strait.
However, next to all these suppositions, there are certain proofs such
as the representations which appear on ceramics of different pre-Inca
civilisations (Vicus, Mochica, Chancay, Chancay, under Tiahuanacoid
influence, Chimu); in many cases the hairless dog has replaced the Puma,
the snake or the falcon, this in particular and in a more evident way in
the Chancay culture. As we can gather from the reproductions, the
hairless dog appears during the pre-Inca archeological periods, i.e.
between the years 300 BC and the years 1400 AC.
GENERAL APPEARANCE: Going by his general conformation, it is an
elegant and slim dog, whose aspect expresses speed, strength and harmony
without ever appearing coarse. This breed has, as a fundamental
characteristic, the absence of hair all over the body. Another
particular feature is that the dentition is nearly always incomplete. Of
noble and affectionate nature with those nearest to him, he is reserved
towards strangers, lively, alert and a good guard.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The ratio between the height at the
withers and the length of the body is of 1 : 1; the body of the females
can be slightly longer than that of the males.
BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT: Noble and affectionate at home with
those close to him, at the same time lively and alert; he is wary and a
good guard in presence of strangers.
HEAD: Of lupoοd conformation.
CRANIAL REGION:
Skull : Mesocephalic. Orthoοd, i.e. the upper axes of the skull and
muzzle are parallel; a slight divergence is accepted. Seen from above,
the skull is broad and the head tapers toward the nose. The superciliary
arches are moderately developed. The occipital crest is hardly marked.
Nose : The colour of the nose must be in harmony with the different
colours of the skin.
Muzzle : Seen in profile, the nasal bridge is straight.
Lips : They must be as tight as possible and close to the gums.
Jaws/Teeth : The incisors are in scissor bite and the canines developed
normally. The absence of one or all the premolars and molars is
accepted. The lower jaw is only slightly developed.
Cheeks : Normally developed.
Eyes : Alert and intelligent expression. The eyes must be of average
dimensions, slightly almond shaped, neither deep-set nor prominent,
normally and regularly placed, i.e. neither too close together nor too
wide apart. The colour can vary from black, going through all shades of
brown up to yellow, in harmony with the skin colour. In any case, both
eyes must be of the same colour. The colour of the eyelids may go from
black to pink in subjects with light coloured face. The light pink
colours are admitted but not sought after.
Ears : The ears must be pricked when the dog is attentive, whereas at
rest, they are laid towards the back. The ears are of medium length;
broad at the base, tapering progressively towards their tip, ending
almost pointed. The ear set starts on the upper part of the skull to end
laterally and obliquely. In erect position, the axes of the ears form an
variable angle near 90°.
NECK:
Upper line : Curved (convex).
Length : Approximately the same length as the head.
Shape : Near to a truncated cone shape, supple, with good musculature.
Skin : Fine, smooth and elastic. Really close to the subcutaneous
tissues. No dewlap.
BODY: Mesomorph.
Topline : Straight, although certain subjects show a dorsal-lumbar
convexity which disappears at croup level.
Withers : Barely accentuated.
Back : Topline straight, with well developed back muscles often forming
all along the back a muscular bi-convexity which extends to the lumbar
region.
Lumbar region : Strong and well muscled. Its length reaches
approximately 1/5 of the height at the withers.
Croup : Its upper profile is slightly convex. Its slant compared with
the horizontal is about 40°. Its solid and well muscled conformation
assures a good impulsion.
Chest : Seen from the front, the chest must have a good amplitude, but
without excess; comes down almost to the elbow. The ribs must be lightly
sprung, never flat. The girth of the chest, measured behind the elbows,
must exceed by about 18% the height at the withers.
Underline and Belly : The lower profile draws an elegant and well marked
line which goes from the lower part of the chest and rises along the
belly which must be well tucked up, but without excess.
TAIL: The tail is set on low. Of good thickness at its root, it
tapers towards its tip. When excited, the dog can carry the tail raised
in a round curve above the backline, but never as curved as being rolled
up. At rest, it hangs with a slight upward hook at the tip. Sometimes
carried tucked in towards the abdomen. In length it almost reaches the
hock. The tail must not be docked.
LIMBS
FOREQUARTERS: Well united with the body. Seen from the front,
they are perfectly vertical and the elbows are not turned out. The angle
at the shoulders joint varies between 100° and 120°. Seen in profile,
the angle formed by the pastern and the vertical will be from 15° to
20°.
Forefeet : They are semi-long and look like hare-feet. The pads are
strong and heat-resistant. The interdigital membranes are well
developed. The black dogs have preferably black nails and the lighter
dogs light nails.
HINDQUARTERS: The muscles are rounded and elastic. The curve of
the buttocks is well marked. The coxal-femoral angle varies between 120°
and 130°, and the femoral-tibial angle must be of 140°. Seen from
behind, the hindquarters must be vertical. Dewclaws must be eliminated.
Hind feet : As the forefeet.
GAIT / MOVEMENT: Given the structure and angulations of the above
mentioned quarters, these dogs move with a rather short step, but fast
and at the same time quite soft and flexible.
SKIN: The skin must be smooth and elastic all over the body, but
can form a few rounded almost concentric lines on the head and round the
eyes and the cheeks. It has been checked that the internal and external
temperature of these dogs is exactly the same as that of other breeds.
The absence of hair leads to an immediate and direct emanation of heat,
different from the hairy subjects, where the heat filters through the
coat (hair) by natural ventilation.
COAT
HAIR: To deserve the name of hairless dog, the coat (hair) must
be non-existant. Vestiges of hair on the head and at the extremities of
the legs and the tail are admitted and, sometimes, a few rare hairs
appear on the back.
COLOUR: The colour of the hair can vary from black in black dogs,
slate black, elephant black, bluish black, the whole scale of greys,
dark brown going to light blond.
All those colours can be uniform or show pinkish patches at all points
of the body.
SIZE AND WEIGHT:
There are three sizes in the males and females.
Small : from 25 to 40 cm ( 9 3/4 to 15 3/4 inches).
Medium : from 40 to 50 cm (15 3/4 to 19 3/4 inches).
Large : from 50 to 65 cm (19 3/4 to 25 3/4 inches).
The weight is in relation to the size of the males and females.
Small : from 4 to 8 kg (8,8 to 17,6 lbs).
Medium : from 8 to 12 kg (17,6 to 26,4 lbs).
Large : from 12 to 25 kg (26,4 to 55,1 lbs).
FAULTS: Any departure from the foregoing points should be
considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be
regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.
Semi-erect ears.
Presence of dewclaws on the hindquarters.
ELIMINATING FAULTS:
Upper or lower prognathism.
Deviated jaw.
Hanging or cropped ears.
Tail-less, short tail, docked tail.
Excessively hairy on the parts authorised by the standard.
Presence of hair on other parts of the body not authorised by the
standard.
Albinism.
N.B.: Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles
fully descended into the scrotum.
Peruvian
Inca Orchid standard: