Resources for Lighthouse Research



The history of lighthouses in the United States began in 1716 when Boston merchants built a lighthouse on Little Brewster Island in Boston Harbor. During the past 280 years, the United States has built many lighthouses and maintained numerous other aids to navigation. In 1789, the Federal Government granted the Treasury control over maintaining the fledgling lighthouse service. From 1852 to 1939, the country's lighthouses were maintained by a variety of government departments including the Treasury, the Department of Commerce, and the Lighthouse Board; the Lighthouse Service was also called the Lighthouse Establishment. In 1939, the Lighthouse Service was incorporated into the Coast Guard, which currently maintains all aids-to-navigation. The following pages serve as a short guide to researching information on lighthouses.




Secondary Sources

There are numerous books on lighthouses and the Lighthouse Service. Many of them can be found in your local library. The Coast Guard Academy Library, the Coast Guard Historian's Office, the Library of Congress, and other major libraries have a large collection of recent and older books and documents. Local maritime museums also have libraries with various lighthouse-related books. Several easily obtainable books are listed below. Many of them can be purchased at your local bookstore.


Bachand, Robert G. Northeast Lights: Lighthouses and Lightships, Rhode Island to
Cape May, New Jersey . Norwalk, CT: Sea Sports Publications, 1989.

Cipra, David. Lighthouses, Lightships, and the Gulf of Mexico . Alexandria, VA:
Cypress Communications, 1997.

DeWire, Elinore. Guardians of the Lights: The Men and Women of the U.S.
Lighthouse Service . Sarasota: FL, 1995.

Flint, Willard. Lightships of the United States Government: Reference Notes .
Washington: Coast Guard Historian's Office, 1989.

Hague, Douglas B. and Christie, Rosemary. Lighthouses: Their Architecture, History,
and Archaeology . Llandysul, Dyfed, Wales: Gomer Press, 1975. (reprinted
several times)


Holland, Francis Ross. America's Lighthouses: Their Illustrated History Since 1716 .
Brattleboro, VT: Stephen Greene Press, 1972. (reprinted several times)

Jones, Stephen. Harbor of Refuge . New York: W.W. Norton, 1981.

Kochel, Kenneth. America's Atlantic Coast Lighthouses: A Traveler's Guide .
Clearwater, FL: Kenneth Kochel Publishing, 1998. (several earlier editions)

National Trust for Historic Preservation. Lighthouse Bibliography . Boston: National
Trust for Historic Preservation.

Noble, Dennis. Lighthouses & Keepers: The U.S. Lighthouse Service and Its Legacy .
Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1997.


Roberts, Bruce and Jones, Ray. New England Lighthouses: Bay of Fundy to Long
Island Sound (1996); Mid-Atlantic Lighthouses: Hudson River to Chesapeake Bay
(1996); Southeastern Lighthouses: Outer Banks to Cape Florida (1998); Gulf
Coast Lighthouses: Florida Keys to the Rio Grande (1998); California
Lighthouses: Point St. George to the Gulf of Santa Catalina (1997); Pacific
Northwest Lighthouses: Oregon, Washington, Alaska, and British Columbia
(1997); Western Great Lakes Lighthouses: Michigan and Superior (1996);
Eastern Great Lakes Lighthouses: Ontario, Erie, and Huron (1996). Old
Saybrook, CT: Globe Pequot Press. (there are various earlier editions of these
books)

Small, Connie. The Lighthouse Keeper's Wife . Orono, ME: University of Maine
Press, 1986.

Shanks, Ralph C. Lighthouses and Lifeboats on the Redwood Coast . San Anselmo,
CA: Costaño Books, 1978.

Shanks, Ralph C. Guardians of the Golden Gate: Lighthouses and Lifeboat Stations
of San Francisco Bay . Petaluma, CA: Costaño Books, 1990.

United States Department of the Interior. 1994 Inventory of Historic Light Stations .
Washington: Government Printing Office, 1994.

Primary Sources


There are numerous primary sources on lighthouses and related subjects. The Coast Guard Academy Museum, the Coast Guard Historian's Office, and the National Archives have large collections of materials. The Nautical Research Centre, a private research library in California, and local maritime museums and historical societies are also good sources of information.



The Great Lakes Lighthouse Keepers Association


The Association covers the Great Lakes area. It collects history about the region's lighthouses, disseminates information, and is active in preservation. It also publishes a magazine, The Beacon, which is available to members.

Contact address:


Great Lakes Lighthouse Keepers Association
c/o Henry Ford Estate
4901 Evergreen Rd.
Dearborn, MI 48128

The Library of Congress



The Library of Congress has a large collection of documents and books on lighthouses and other aids to navigation. A researcher can obtain almost any book that has been printed in the United States.

Contact address:



The Library of Congress
101 Independence Ave. SE
Washington, D.C. 20540

The National Archives and Records Administration



The National Archives is the largest repository of primary source materials in the country. It has numerous photographs, logs, architectural diagrams, correspondence, and other research materials. Most of the Coast Guard and Lighthouse Service related items are in Record Group 26. Anyone planning to go to the Archives should have a good idea of what he/she is looking for in order to reduce the amount of time searching. There are also several Regional Records Servcies Facilities.

Contact address:


National Archives at College Park
8601 Adelphi Road
College Park, MD 20740-6001

Nautical Research Center



Over 900 U.S. and foreign lighthouse related books and documents. Over 175 scrapbooks of articles and pictures of lighthouses. There are also numerous photographs, drawings, and other related materials. In addition, the Center has audio and visual research materials including photographs and slides. Photocopies of books and other items can be made for a charge to cover the costs of producing them.

Contact address:


Nautical Research Centre
335 Vallejo St.
Petaluma, CA 94952

The U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office



Annual Reports of the U.S. Lighthouse Service, 1872-1935 (not inclusive). These reports are organized by districts and give concise information about the lighthouses in each district. Not every lighthouse is listed every year. The reports also have maps, photographs, engravings, and large, folding drawings. There are also Light Lists from the early 1900s to the present.

Files with photographs of U.S. lighthouses and lightships, documents, and other information.



Library with numerous secondary sources relating to lighthouses. There is also a large collection of primary sources including Lighthouse Service and Coast Guard manuals and documents.

Contact address:


U.S. Coast Guard
Historian's Office (G-CP-4)
2100 2nd Street, SW
Washington, DC 20593

The U.S. Coast Guard Museum



Large library with primary and secondary sources with information on lighthouses and other aids to navigation.

Small manuscript collection that includes photographs, sketches, and postcards of lighthouses as well as a few photographs of lighthouse keepers. The collection also includes some records of government officials regarding employment, contracts, and equipment.

Lighthouse Service Annual Reports from 1872-1935 (not inclusive) and Light Lists.

Contact address:

U.S. Coast Guard Museum
Waesche Hall
15 Mohegan Avenue
New London, CT 06320

U.S. Lighthouse Society


Most Annual Reports for the Lighthouse Service from 1852 to 1939 and a large selection of other sources including Coast Pilots, Light Lists, and related documents. There are also several Life-Saving Service related items.

Several filing cabinets with documents about every lighthouse and lightship in the United States. There are also files for foreign lighthouses and related topics. Microfilm records of lighthouse-related documents including records for every lighthouse keeper, letters from the late 18th and early 19th century, contracts, and architectural plans.

Thousands of black and white and color photographs of lighthouses, lightships, and buoy tenders. The collection also includes numerous prints and several architectural plans.

Contact address:


United States Lighthouse Society
244 Kearny St.
San Francisco, CA 94108

Periodicals


There are numerous articles in magazines. Your local library may have an electronic periodical index where you can search for potential articles. There are also two lighthouse-related publications. They are good places to advertise your need for specific information and to network with other lighthouse researchers. The following publications also advertise recent books.


The Keeper's Log
(the quarterly publication of the United States Lighthouse Society; the Society also sells lighthouse books)

United States Lighthouse Society
244 Kearny St. phone: 415-362-7255
San Francisco, CA 94108 e-mail: USLtHseSo@aol.com

Lighthouse Digest
(a monthly publication; also has an excellent bookstore)

Lighthouse Digest phone: 1-800-668-7737
P.O. Box 1690 e-mail: Lhdigest@lhdigest.com
Wells, ME 04090

web site: http://www.lhdigest.com





Shore Village Museum Newsletter
(a semi-annual newsletter put out by Ken Black of the Shore Village Museum in Rockland, ME; also has an excellent bookstore)

Shore Village Museum phone: 207-594-0311
104 Limerock St. fax: 207-594-9481
Rockland, ME 04841 e-mail: knb@ime.net

web site: http://www.tiac.net/users/buster/shorevillage

The Internet


This is a very brief listing of the hundreds of lighthouse-related sites on the internet. They are good starting points for further web research. Many lighthouses have their own web pages which you can locate using your search engine.




Name Web Site



"The Canadian Coast Guard"                        

"Library of Congress"

"Lighthouses Over the World"

"Lighthouse Society of Great Britain"

"National Archives and Records Administration"

"National Lightship Trust"

The United States Coast Guard

"The World Wide Web Virtual Library: The World's Lighthouses, Lightships & Lifesaving Stations"