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Inventions: From A to Z


How to do Research using the Navigation Aids:

1. By clicking on the Hotlinks, you will be taken directly to the exact  location where the Topic is located on the page.
2. When you click on a site located under a topic, another browser window will open automatically for you on top of this page.   With your mouse, pull that window down below the Topic you are researching.  Every time you now click on a site, the material will appear in this window.   This will allow you to quickly and easily read the material and go through each site listed without losing this page. 
3.  Remember to cite the "web sites and their authors" given below for your information "sources" in your paper or presentation for citation/bibliographic purposes.

To jump to the invention of your choice, click on the letter below or look through the alphabetical list:

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W| X | Y | Z |

Hotlinks: Table of Contents:

Line
Major Sources
Index of Inventions
Discovery Online, Inventors and Inventions
Mothers of Invention: Female Inventors
Inventions and Gizmos - Inventors
American Inventors and Inventions
Over 70 Years of Bell Labs Innovation
Individual Inventions - Inventors Net Links
"How Things Work"
The Invention Dimension: Inventions in Alphabetical Order
Women Inventors Project
Welcome to Invention!
Women Invent! Two Centuries of Discoveries
Resources for the history of invention
Do You Know... when it was invented?
Historical Inventions: Alphabetically

Wacky Inventions & Inventors
Kooky Inventions
Funny Inventions and Funny Words
The Bucky Fuller Travelling Miracle Medicine
Inventions by R. Buckminster Fuller
Wacky Patent of the Month
Totally Absurd - Need A Quick Laugh?
Rube Goldberg
Absurd Archive - Totally Absurd Inventions Patented

By The Decade
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990

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"A"

AeroSpace
History of AeroSpace
Iintorduction to Flight
Milestones prior to 1903
Heroes & Heroines

Air Conditioning
Air Conditioning
Willis Haviland Carrier

Airplane
Orville & Wilbur Wright: Flying- Machine
Leonard Michael Greene: Stall Warning Device for Airplanes
To Fly is Everything
The Wright Brothers
How we made the first flight
Aviation Technology
The Airline History Pages

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Aluminum
Charles Martin Hall: manufacture of aluminum

Ambulance
Ambulance History
Association for Preservation of Historic Ambulances
Ambulance History - photo of first car model used
Museum of Professional Cars

Apgar: Newborn Scoring
Virginia Apgar

Architecture
Architecture Through the Ages
The Julia Morgan Collection
Frank Lloyd Wright
20th Century American Architecture
17th Century American Architecture
18th Century Architecture
19th Century American Architecture

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Art
Art History Network Home Page

Artificial Heart
Willem J. Kolff: Soft Shell Mushroom Shaped Heart

Assembly Line
Henry Ford: The Assembly Line

Astronomy
Astronomiae Historia / History of Astronomy

Athletic Shoe - Modern
Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight

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Automobile
History of the Car - Contents
The Life of Henry Ford
Kustom Kars
Charles Franklin Kettering: Engine Starting Device & Ignition System
Henry Ford: Transmission Mechanism
Ford Motor Company Worldwide
100 Years of Japanese Motoring
West of Laramie: brief history of the first 100 years of US auto industry
BFGoodrich History
Corvette - Stingrays & Vettes
Automotive Industries 100th Anniversary Issue: 1895 - 1995
Toyota Museum: Find a Car in History: All Manufacturers
Early Adventures with the Automobile
Automotive History: Early Years & Time Line
AutoWorld History: Time Line by Era
Sloan Museum: Exhibit of historic cars & early automobile manufacturing
John Lambert
Charles Franklin Kettering: Ignition System
Rudolf Diesel: Diesel Engine
Nicolaus August Otto: Gas-Motor Engine
The Spirit Is Still Alive: American Motors Corporation 1954-1987
Chrysler Corporation Corporate History
Dodge, Plymouth & Chrysler Police Cars 1956-1978
Ford Motor Company Heritage
General Motors History
Postal Jeep History
Insiders' History of Plymouth
BaRx Automobile Histories & Images

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"B"

Balloons
Balloons

Ballooning
History of Ballooning
BalloonZone ~ Short History of Hot Air Ballooning
BalloonZone ~ Hot Air Ballooning

Ball Point Pen
A Brief Technological History of the Pen
Pen Collecting Glossary
BIC Pens
Marcel Bich: Father of Bic Pens
Berol Pens
Pens that write History
Parker Pens: 1888 - Present

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Ballet
A Brief History of Ballet

Barbie Doll
Inventing Barbie
Introduction
Barbie in the Sixties
Barbie in the Seventies and Eighties
Barbie in the Nineties

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Baseball
The History of Baseball Homepage
The Science of Baseball

Basketball
A Brief History of Professional Basketball
Official site of the National Basketball Association History
Harlem Globetrotters History
History of Basketball in the US
Year by Year - NBA - CBS.SportsLine.com
ThinkQuest: Basketball Mania

Women's Basketball
History of Women's Basketball
HoopTown USA: Basketball Hall of Fame
Army/Navy Rivalry
MAAC Women's Basketball History

Bible
History of the Bible

Bigfoot or Yeti
Bigfoot Phenomenon - Web Resources
Bigfoot
The North American Science Insitute
Links to other Bigfoot web sites

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BioMedicine
History of Biomedicine
History of Western Biomedicine

Blue Jeans
Levi Strauss

Board Games
Mancala Rules and History
A History Of Traditional Board Games
Hnefatafl: strategic board game of the Vikings
African games / Awale links
BackGammon
Marvin Glass: Mouse Trap
Who Invented Monopoly?
History of Trivial Pursuit
Chaturanga: Early Chess
History of Mah Jongg
Go in Ancient China
The Origin of Risk and its Evolution to Present Day
The rules and the history of Renju
About Mattel

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Bowling
History of Bowling

Broadcasting
Broadcasting History 1920 - 1960
The Museum of Television & Radio
History of Modern Communications, Computers and Media: 1900 - 2000
WWWVL History of Science, Technology and Medicine

Bra or Corsette
Tracey's Silhouette: History of the Corset
A MINI-HISTORY OF THE CORSET
Historical Costuming FAQ

Brain Surgery
History of Brain Surgery

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Bread
A History of Bread

Bubble Gum
The Story of Chewing Gum
How Gum Is Made
How To Blow Bubbles
Life Blows Up. (Lucky Guy.) - Bubble Gum Inventor

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C"

Calculators
History of Calculators - Timeline
Articles on the History of Electronic Calculators
History of computing resources

Carbon Paper
The Exciting History of Carbon Paper!

Cartography
The History of Cartography Project
Map History / History of Cartography Gateway

Cereal Box Tops
Mary Spaeth

Cheese
Cheese History

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Chemical Engineering
The History of Chemical Engineering

Chia Pets
Joseph Enterprises - Chia Pets

Chocolate
History of Chocolate

Clocks
A History of Clocks
Time Keeping through History

Coca Cola
Bits O' History
World Of Coca-Cola Pavilion

Coffee
The History of Coffee

Cognitive Science
The History of Cognitive Science

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Comic Books
History of Comic Books

Communication
Timeline of Communication History

Computing & Computing Devices
History of Computing
History of Computing Devices: Introduction
William Seward Burroughs: Calculating Machine

Concrete
History of Concrete

Contraceptives
Carl Djerassi: Oral Contraceptives
Frank B. Colton: Estradiene Compounds

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Costumes
The History of Costume by Braun & Scheider
The History of Shoes
Historical Costuming FAQ

Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney :Cotton Gin

Crayons
Invention of Crayons - CRAYOLA®

Cremation
History of Cremation

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"D"

Diseases
History of Diseases

Dog Pedigree
Pedigrees: The History of the Dog

Drive-in Theater
The Drive in Theater
Virtual Tour Of Drive-In History
OLD: Drive-In Ads  1958

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"E"

Eating Utensils: Knife, Fork, Spoon, Spork, Chopsticks
The History of Eating Utensils
CuisineNet Digest: Western Eating Utensils - by time line
The Slightly Less Than Official Spork Homepage

Education
The History of Education Site
History of the Idea of a University
History of education in the USA, 19th
Universal education:19th century Britain
History of education, General Links
Blackwell History of Education Research Museum

Electron
The Discovery of the Electron

Electric Chair
Biology of Electrocution
Women in the Electric Chair

Elevator & Elevator Safety
History of Elevators
Otis Elevator Company Marks 250th Charter Anniversary of Founder’s Birthplace
History of Escalator Safety
Fenlon Place Elevator Company History
The Elevator Code in the 21st Century

Erector Set
A. C. Gilbert - Erector Set

Etch A Sketch®
Arthur Granjean - Etch-A-Sketch

Executions - Historical & Electrocutions
Botched and Wrongful Electrocutions
Historical Methods of Torture and Execution

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"F"

Fast Food
Welcome to McDonald's
Home -White Castle

Fast Food Drive Thru
Jack in the Box - Our History

Fisheries
Fisheries Historical Information

Flight
Flight

Food Development
History of Food Development

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Fragrance
Aromatherapy - A History of Fragrance

Frisbee
Where the Frisbee First Flew
The Frisbee Pie Company
Walter Frederick Morrison
Frisbee Patent
Frisbee Physics: How A Frisbee Flys
Ultimate Frisbee: The Sport

Furnace
Hopewell Furnace NHS Home Page

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"G"

Games
A History Of Traditional Games

Gardening
Gardening History Timeline - From Ancient Times to the 20th Century

Gems & Minerals
Smithsonian Gem & Mineral Collection
Geological Society of America

GeoPhysics
Geophysics History Project
A History of Atmospheric General Circulation Models

Gingerbread
The History of Gingerbread

Glue & Adhesives
History of Hide Glue
History of Adhesives
MakeStuff.com: How to Make Your Own Glue
This to That: Glue Trivia

Guillotine
History of the Guillotine
Guillotine Museum
The guillotine
People of the Guillotine
Guillotine Headquaters

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"H"

Hackie Sac
Why Footbag?

Herbs, Oils & Aromas
A History of Herbs, Oils and Aromas

Hologram
The History and Development of Holography, hologram
Dennis Gabor - Father of Holography, Hungarian Nobel Laureate
Dennis Gabor Winner of the 1971 Nobel Prize in Physics

Hoola Hoop
Richard Knerr & Arthur "Spud" Melin, founders of Wham-O Company

"I"

Ice Cream
Here's the Scoop Ice Cream - History

Inline Skate
Scott Olson Inventor Biography
Rollerblade.com

Insects & Human Impact of
Impact of Insects on Human History

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Internet
History of INTERNET
Internet Society:All About The Internet
Life on the Internet: Net Timeline
How the Internet Came to Be
Short history of the Internet

Ironing Board
Sarah Boone
SmartCal: Sarah Boone Patents Ironing Board (1892)
Sarah Boone

Italian Cooking
History of Italian Cooking

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"J"

Juggling
A History of Juggling

"K"

Kaleidoscope
Brewster, Sir David
Kaleidoscopes
F.A.Q.'s About Kaleidoscopes

"L"

Lava Lite® Lamp
Lava Lamp: Craven Walker

Law
Medieval Sourcebook: Medieval Legal History

Light Bulb
LightBulb: Thomas Edison
History of a Light Bulb: Self-Annealing
LightBulb Slide Show
Livermore's Centennial Light - World's Longest Burning Light Bulb 100 years+

Liquid Paper
Bette Nesmith Graham

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"M"

Manuscript
What is a Manuscript?

Materials Science
Materials Science and Engineering: Table of Contents
What is Visual Material Science
Visualizations in Materials Science

Maritime History
The Maritime History Virtual Archives
Far Horizons - the Sailors' Web Search

Mathematics
The History of Mathematics
History of Mathematics: Timeline
Chronological List of Mathematicians
History of Mathematics Archive
Famous Curves Index
History Topics
Mathematicians of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century
History of Mathematics

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Mechanical Reaper
Cyrus Hall Mccormick

Medicine
History of Medicine Course Syllabus

Microwave Oven
Percy L. Spencer

Military History
Military History & Aviation
Military History

Modern Communications
Communications

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Money
History of Money from Ancient Times to the Present
Time Travel for a Dollar: The Pyramid

Monorail System
RONALD J. RILEY: Automated electrified monorail systems

Motion Picture
Motion Pictures, History of
The Film 100 - Top 100 People in History of Movies
Cinema History: Significant Events
Motion Picture Collections
See How Movies were made - Eadweard James Muybridge
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies

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Mountaineering
MOUNTAINEERING: Mountains and Their Conquerors

Motorcycle
History Of The Motorcycle
Motorcycle Online: Virtual Museum
History of the Harley-Davidson Motorcycle
Harley-Davidson: Company - Background and History

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"N"

"O"

Olympic Games
History Of The Olympics
The History of the Olympic Games
Olympics history
Sports A to Z: Modern Pentathlon: History
The Myths Surrounding the Olympic Games

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"P"

Pacemaker
Wilson Greatbatch: Medical Cardiac Pacemaker
Wilson Greatbatch: The implantable cardiac pacemaker battery

Paper
Princeton Economic Institute history of paper
The (Not So Short) History of Paper Boats
The History of Paper Cutting
The Outlaw Press - Parchment Making - Intro
History Of Paper

Paper Bag - Square Bottomed
Margaret Knight: Prolific Inventor

Pasta
History of Pasta

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Pencil
History of the Pencil
The Pencil Page
Pencils of the Fur Trade

Penicillin
Andrew J. Moyer: Method for Production of Penicillin
John C. Sheehan: Synthesized penicillin

Personal Computers
Steve Jobs & Steve Wozniak

Phonograph
Thomas Alva Edison
Early Recorded Sounds and Wax Cylinders

Photography
A History of Photography
Photographing History: Fred J. Maroon and the Nixon Years, 1970-1974

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Physics
Center for History of Physics Home Page

Pirates & Piracy
Pirate Ghosts
The History of Piracy: Introduction

Pizza
A History of Pizza
Slice of Italy-History of Pizza
Pizza HQ History 201 Class

Plastic
Leo Hendrik Baekeland
History of ChEn: Timeline
Famous Belgians - Leo Hendrik Baekeland
Some American Inventions
What Americans Owe to Inventors
The American Experience/TR Timeline
Modern Terms
Bakelite
Event Chronology1909
Mizzou Magic - Wrapped in Plastic
Biotechnology and Patents

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Plumbing
History of Plumbing

Polar Caps
Polar Cap -- History

Printing
Printing: History and Development

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"Q"

Quilts in America
Quilts and Quiltmaking in America 1978-1996

"R"

Radio
Ernst F. W. Alexanderson: Radio
William P. Lear: Car Radio
The Museum of Television & Radio
Radio Archive
Old Time Radio - Radio Days: A Soundbite History
Media Statistics
Old Time Radio Programs Guide Table of Contents
Marconi in 1896
TELEVISION AND RADIO NEWS RESEARCH
Broadcasting History
Media and Communication Studies Site
Basics of Radio Astronomy

Refrigeration
The History of Sealed Refrigeration Systems
The History and Evolution of the Refrigerator
Design Evolution

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RollerBlades®
Scott Olson Biography
Rowbike Total Body Fitness Machine
Rollerblade.com

RollerCoasters
Roller Coasters: Inventing the Scream Machine

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"S"

Salt
History Of Salt
History "When it rains it pours" logo
SALT [NaCl] made the world go round
SALT ARCHIVE - Why
History of Salt and its Production

Science
History of Science Society Web Page
A Beginner's Guide to Research in the History of Science
Physics Resources Resources

Science Technology & Medicine
WWWVL History of Science, Technology and Medine

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Scotch Tape
History of Scotch Tape
Richard Drew: Inventor of Scotch Tape
History of 3M Corporation

Sewing Machine
A Brief History of the Sewing Machine
Howe's Sewing Machine
Sewing Machine Museum
The Spirit of Enterprise

Silly Putty
James Wright, Peter Hodgson

Skateboard
History of THE SKATEBOARD

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Slinky
Slinky History + Slinky Links
The History of Toys: The Slinky

Snowboarding
History of Snowboarding
ThinkQuest - History of Snowboarding

Soccer
Journal of Soccer History
A SHORT HISTORY OF SOCCER
Time Line of Soccer
National Soccer Hall of Fame
Interactive World Cup History Pages
World Cup Hall of Fame
The US Soccer History Archives

Soap
A History of Soapmaking

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Space Exploration
History of the Space Shuttle
Waiting for ET to phone Earth
Earthlings Unite: Unity International Space Station
Electric Currents from Space--History
Space Weather
From Stargazers to Starships
History of Space Exploration
European Borders: History Of Space
SpaceZone: Space History

Space Shuttle
History of the Space Shuttle

Statue of Liberty Designer
Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi: Designer of

Steam Locomotive
Steam Locomotive Designer

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Steel
Bessemer Steel
Sir Henry Bessemer

Stop Light
Garrett Augustus Morgan, Sr
Are Traffic Signals Really a Cure-All? - First Traffic Light
Chapter 4 - Traffic Signals
Historic Signals

Submarines
David Bushnell: The Turtle

Sun
The Sun -- History
Discovery of the Sunspot Cycle
Carrington's Flare
The Sun's Corona
The Sun

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"T"

Tango
History of the Tango

Tape Recorder
Marvin Camras: Method and Means of Magnetic Recording

Teddy Bear
The Birth of the Teddy Bear & The History

Teflon
Roy J. Plunkett: Tetrafluoroethylene Polymers

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Telegraph
Alexander Graham Bell: Telegraphy
Samuel F. B. Morse: Telegraph Signals
Guglielmo Marconi: Transmitting Electrical Signals
Alexander Graham Bell Institute

Telescope
KIE Evidence: The History of the Telescope
History of the Telescope

Television
History Television
Philo Taylor Farnsworth: Television System
Louis W. Parker: Television Receiver
The Farnsworth Chronicles
The Pre-History of Television
History Of Televison Technology
The Museum of Television & Radio

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Toilet Paper
History of Plumbing-Toilet Paper Invented
America's First Toilet Paper Shortage
HighWired.com: Article
History of Public Toilets plumbing world
Rave

Toys
NativeTech: Games & Toys
History of Toys
Toys of the 15th to 17th century
History of Toys Quiz
Toys from the Sixties
Discovery Online - Toys Were Us
Atari

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Transistor
John Bardeen: invented building block for all modern electronics
Innovations: 1947

Transportation
Pre-Industrial Revolutions Transportation
Transportation - Mid to Late Nineteenth Century America
Transportation - Late nineteenth century to WW2
Transportation - Post WW2 America
Transportation Links
Encyclopedia Smithsonian: Transportation History
National Museum of American History
A Brief History of Transportation in Minnesota
Chronological History of Transportation
History of Transportation
Hungarians in the History of Transportation
Substance of Development: 1870--1920

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Tupperware
EARL S. TUPPER PAPERS
EARL S. TUPPER PAPERS, ca. 1914-1982 - Main

Tuxedo
Pierre Lorillard IV: The Tuxedo

T.V. Remote Control
ROBERT ADLER

Typewriters
A Brief History of Typewriters

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"U"

UFO's
Greatest Conspiracies of all time
Roswell
The Black Vault: GOvernment papers on UFO's
UFO/CIA Files

Uncle Sam
Samuel Wilson: The Real Uncle Sam

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"V"

Velcro® - George de Mestral
VELCRO ® Inventor: George de Mestral
George de Mestral - 1907-1990 Patent No. 2,717,437
Zippers and Velcro

"W"

Waffles
One With Waffles

Washing Machine
Washing Machines - History
history of washing machines

Wine & Winemaking
Wine Education Site - History of Wine
History of Wine
History of Winemaking
The history of wine making in Crete
AvocaWines
WINE @ UC Davis Dept. of Viticulture

Written Word
History of the Written Word

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"X"

X-Rays
Robert S. Ledley: Diagnostic X-Ray Systems
William D. Coolidge: X-Ray Vacuum Tube

"Y"

YoYo
The History of the YoYo
Land of YoYo

"Z"

Zipper
Whitcomb Judson: The Zipper
Zippers and Velcro

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