It is known that many Africans intermarried with Native Americans. Less widely known is the fact that many Native Americans also owned African slaves, and fathered children with African slave women. As a result, thousands of Americans have black and Indian ancestry. This page is dedicated to the freedmen of Indian Territory--now Oklahoma, who were the former slaves and free persons of color in the Five Civilized Tribes. Within these nations-the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek and Seminole Nations, genealogists will find thousands of records documenting the history of those African people living within the Indian nations. More than 20,000 Africans were adopted into these nations at the end of the 19th century. Furthermore, several census counts were taken between 1866 and 1907, specifically of the persons of color in Indian Territory. Join the journey of researching the history of these African people, and explore a unique part of the African diaspora, through the history of the Africans of Indian Territory. (As this page expands, specific Indian freedmen files will be added.)