The Flashman Macropćdia

The Flashman Macropćdia (A wholly incomplete and mostly inaccurate reader's companion to The Flashman Papers and occasional other literary references) Compiled by John S. Koehler, Esq. founder of the Southwest Virginia (Roanoke), U.S.A. Chapter of The Royal Flashman Society Last update to the Macropćdia: July 13, 1997 (Corrections and additions are always welcome) RETURN TO THE RFSoSWVa(R) Homepage

ABERCROMBIE, __________. Elspeth's maternal uncle. A former officer in the 93rd foot (the Sutherland's regiment) and a lawyer by trade, he challenges Flashman to a duel when Flashman refuses to make an honest woman of Elspeth. Flashman reconsiders and agrees to accept Elspeth's hand. (Source: "Flashman") AFZUL, Sher. See Sher Afzul. AGAMEMNON, H.M.S. Mythical British ship that Prince Carl Gustaf claimed to have capture as part of a childhood game. (Source: "Royal Flash") AKBAR KHAN ("Bakbook" "Sirdar Akbar"). Son of Dost Muhammad, he lead the revolt against the British and the puppet government of Shah Shuja in the First Afghan War. He rescues Flashman from Gul Shah's game of tug-of-war and later uses him to carry a message to MacNaughten. (Source: "Flashman") ALBERT, Prince Consort (full name Albert Francis Charles Augustus Emmanuel of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha) (1819-1861). Prince consort to Queen Victoria of England. He was born near Coburg, Germany, a younger son of Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. In 1840 he married Victoria, who had been queen for three years, and he soon became her most trusted adviser. In this role he exerted enormous influence on policies and events, in international as well as national matters. He was an active and effective patron of the arts and sciences, organizing such enterprises as the epochal Great Exhibition of 1851 at the Crystal Palace, to stimulate the growth of British commerce, industry, and national pride. Although regarded by many Britons as a meddling foreigner, Albert succeeded in strengthening the monarchy and in encouraging social progress. Overburdened with work, he succumbed to typhoid fever at the age of 42. ALLEMANIA. German nationalist student group which favors the role Lola Montez plays in controlling King Ludwig of Bavaria. (Source: "Royal Flash") AMENOOLAH KHAN. Leader of the attack on the British compound in Kabul. Sultan Jan offers to deliver his head to MacNaughten if the British will help Akbar Khan defeat the Douranis. (Source: "Flashman") ANGELO. Domenico Angelo Tremamondo, known as Angelo, found a school of fencing in London. Flashman comments that while he is no Angelo, he has some competence with a sabre. (Source: "Royal Flash") ANQUETIL, __________. British officer commanding the artillery at Kabul and during the retreat. (Source: "Flashman") ARNOLD, Amelia ("little golden-headed Amelia"). Fictional daughter created by Flashman as part of the half-truths he tells the Sons of the Volsungs. That Amelia is Captain Thomas Arnold's daughter and not his wife is supposition from the term "little," and Sapten promise to rescure Arnold's "wife and daughter" if Arnold is killed in the attempt to rescue Prince Carl Gustaf; Flashman himself never identifies the sex of the child he claims is held captive. (Source: "Royal Flash") ARNOLD, Thomas, Captain. Alias given by Flashman to the Sons of the Volsungs after his capture by them during the Strackenz Affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") ARNOLD, Thomas, Dr. Headmaster of Rugby during Flashman's time there. It was Arnold who expelled Flashman, thus launching him on his brilliant career. (Source: "Flashman") ASAF. One of Gul Shah's henchman. (Source: "Flashman") AUCKLAND, George Eden, Earl of Auckland. Governor-General of India when Flashman is transferred there after his marriage to Elspeth makes him unacceptable to Cardigan. (Source: "Flashman") AVITABILE, __________. Italian soldier of fortune who became governor of Peshawar. Flashman had a boozey dinner with him on the trek north to Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") BALLIOL COLLEGE. Ship captained by John Charity Spring. Although an Oriel man, Spring named the ship after Balliol where his father and brothers went, because he "hate[d] the B----y place!" (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") BARERSTRASSE. Locality of the private palace in Munich King Ludwig built for Lola Montez. (Source: "Royal Flash") BASSET, __________. Flashman's servant in the 11th Light Dragoons. (Source: "Flashman") BENNET, __________. Aide to General Crawford. (Source: "Flashman") BENTINCK, George, Lord (1902-1848). Leader of the Protectionist Tory opposition and a leading sporting figure, he attends the stratgey meeting for Flashman's ill-fated foray into politics. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") BERNIER, __________, Captain. Officer in the 11th Light Dragoons. He and Flashman took an immediately dislike to one another. Bernier had been the regiments best rider until Flashman purchased his commission. Flashman's duel with Bernier made Flashman's reputation in the army. (Source: "Flashman") BERNIER AFFAIR. See Duel, Flashman's with Bernier. BERSONIN, __________. One of Bismarck's henchmen who keeps watch over Flashman during the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") BISMARCK, OTTO EDWARD LEOPOLD von, Prince (1815-98). Prusso-German statesman, who was the architect and first chancellor (1871-90) of the German Empire. Flashman first encounters Bismarck the night of the raid on the Minor Club, and develops an instant dislike for him when Bismarck tries to turn Flashman over to the police. There next chance meeting results in Bismarck besting Flashman in a steeplechase (by cheating, or at least ignoring the rules of horsemanship) and getting goaded, by Flashman, into a boxing match with an ex-champion. Bismarck, bloodied, but unbowed, refuses to accept defeat at the more expert man's hand and harbors a seething rage against Flashman which results in our hero's involvement in the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") BROADFOOT, George. Officer in General Cotton's command at Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") BROADFOOT, Jim. Brother of George Broadfoot. He is killed in the Afghan assault on the British compound in Kabul. (Source: "Flashman) BROOKE, James, Sir (1803-68). British army officer and explorer, later raja of Sarawak, born in Varanasi, India. He entered the military service of the East India Company. Later he conceived a plan to found a settlement of his own in Borneo or Celebes. Traveling to Sarawak in Borneo, he found that Muda Hassim, the uncle of the sultan of Brunei, was trying to quell a rebellion. Brooke assisted Hassim and in 1841 was rewarded with the governorship of Sarawak and the title of raja. Brooke instituted free trade, suppressed piracy, and framed a new code of laws. In 1847 he was appointed British governor of the island of Labuan, near Sarawak, and consul general to Borneo; he was knighted the following year. Brooke's family continued to rule Sarawak until it became a British colony in 1946. Flashman first mentions his encounter with Brooke during his interview with Captain Spring before their first voyage together. Spring suggests that service with Brooke is half-piracy. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") BROUGHAM, Henry Peter, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux (1778-1868). British political leader, born in Edinburgh, and educated at the University of Edinburgh. He helped to found (1802) the Edinburgh Review and was a chief contributor. As a lawyer, he defended (1820) Caroline of Brunswick in the unpopular divorce proceedings brought against her by the government on behalf of her husband, King George IV. Elected (1810) to Parliament, Brougham became an effective advocate of liberal causes, such as the abolition of slavery and of the Corn Laws and the promotion of popular education. He helped to found the University of London and the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. As lord chancellor (1830-34), Brougham was largely responsible for passage of the 1832 Reform Bill by the House of Lords. The brougham, a closed four-wheel carriage, is named for him. Brougham was not well-liked by Flashman's father, who challenged to box any candidate the Whigs cared to stand against him "from Brougham down." (Source: "Flashman", "Flash for Freedom!") BROWN, Tom. A person with whom Flashman was possibly acquainted, but who was more likely beneath Flashman's notice, at Rugby. (Source: "Flashman") BROWNSOVER. Locality at which Flashman consumed gin-punch the night of his expulsion from Rugby. (Source: "Flashman") BRYANT, Tommy. Officer in 11th Light Dragoons. A toady of Flashman's, Flashman offers him 10,000 pounds to arrange for Bernier to have an unloaded pistol when he duels Flashman. Flashman doesn't pay up, of course. This incident cuases problems for Flashman later when Bryant shows up at the stratgey meeting for Flashman's ill-fated foray into politics. During an evening card gam, Bryant connives to make it appear that Flashman, who was dealing honest for a change, had cheated. (Source: "Flashman", "Flash for Freedom!") BRYDON, __________, Dr. Member of the Kabul retreat who Sale, erroneously, reports as the only other survivor of the retreat in his report of Flashman's "exploits" at Fort Piper. (Source: "Flashman") BšLOW, Adolf. Owner of Jotunberg castle at the time of the Strakenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") BURNES, Alexander, Sir ("Sekundar"). British civilian envoy in Kabul at time of First Afghan War. Burnes and Sir William MacNaughten accompanied Sir John Keane on his campaign of 1839 and remained in Kabul with the Garrison when Keane returned to India with the bulk of the Army of the Indus. Burnes is killed in an Afghan assault on the British compound in Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") BURNES, Charlie. Younger brother of Sir Alexander Burnes. He was killed in the assault on the British compound. (Source: "Flashman") CAMPBELL, Colin, Baron Clyde (1792-1863). British field marshal, born in Glasgow, Scotland. As a field commander during the Crimean War (1854-56), he was responsible for the British victory at the Alma River and for driving back the Russian attack on Balaklava. Called to India at the outbreak of the Sepoy Mutiny in 1857, he effected the relief of Lucknow and quelled the revolt. He was created Baron Clyde in 1858. CARDIGAN, James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of (1797-1868). British army officer, born in Hambleden, England, and educated at the University of Oxford. Cardigan was a member of the House of Commons from 1818 to 1829 and entered the army in 1824. He was forced to give up his first command in 1834, however, because of his dictatorial behavior toward a subordinate officer. In 1836 he was able to secure command of a unit later known as the 11th Hussars. As commander of a light cavalry brigade in the Crimean War, he led the famous Charge of the Six Hundred at the Battle of Balaklava on October 25, 1854. The British brigade was virtually annihilated by the Russians. Cardigan survived the battle, was acclaimed a hero, and became a lieutenant general in 1861. The cardigan sweater is named for him. Commander of the 11th Light Dragoons when Flashman purchased his commission in that unit. Though initially able to ingratiate himself to his commander by show of horsemanship and the Bernier affair, Flashman had little use for Cardigan, whose disapproval of Flashman's marriage to Elspeth resulted in Flashman being transferred to India. Cardigan's sentiment about Flashman varied from patronizing to dislike. Despite his disapproval of Flashman's marriage, he apparently approved of Elspeth (and she may or may not have returned his admiration). (Source: "Flashman") CARL GUSTAF, Prince ("Tutti"). Minor Danish Prince whose marriage to Duchess Irma of Strackenz is intended to solidify Danish ties to that Duchy. By chance of fate, Flashman is a virtual double for Carl Gustaf, and, thus, becomes a pawn in Bismarck's plan to foment unrest in the Duchy. "Tutti" was the nursery name given to the Prince by his governess. (Source: "Royal Flash") CHALMERS, __________, Lady. Flashman and Elspeth are to have tea with Lady Chalmers the afternoon he is summoned to Court to be presented to the Queen and Prince Consort. (Source: "Flashman") CHARTISM. Political reform movement in Great Britain from 1838 to 1848. The word is derived from the People's Charter, the name applied to a legislative program submitted to Parliament in 1837 by the London Working Men's Association. The Chartist movement, which the association sponsored, resulted from widespread dissatisfaction with the Reform Bill of 1832 and the Poor Law of 1834, legislation that workingmen considered discriminatory. Shortly after Flashman's return from Germany after the Strackenz affair, Lord Paisley express concern that the Chartists will rebel in Great Britain following the lead of other revolts on the continent. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") CLEEVE HOUSE. Site of ill-fated stategy meeting at the start (and end) of Flashman's political career. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") COMBER, Beauchamp. Thrid mate on the Balliol College, he is actually an operative for the Admiralty investigating the salve trade. Flashman later assumes his identity. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") CONYNGHAM, __________, Second Marquis of. A member of the Leicestershire house party where Flashman has his second encounter with Bismarck. He conceives of the steeplechase in which Bismarck defeats Flashman (who was leading) by refusing to give way at the last jump. (Source: "Royal Flash") COTTON, Willoughby, Sir. Commanding general of the Kabul garrison to whom Flashman reports with despatches from General Elphinstone in advance of his arrival to relieve Cotton. He was at Rugby with Flashman's father, but was expelled after he lead the student revolt of 1797. (Source: "Flashman") CRAWFORD, __________, General. Officer on the Staff of the Governor-General of India. (Source: "Flashman") CRIBB, Tom ("Champion Tom"). English pugilist. Flashman's father acquitted himself well going "a number of rounds" with Cribb once, though Flashman suspected that the profession went easy with him. (Source: "Flashman") DAVIS, Jefferson (1808-89). First and only president of the Confederate States of America (1861-65). Flashman mentions that among the most remarkable documents he ever received was a letter of thanks from Davis. (Source: "Royal Flash") de Gautet, __________. One of Bismarck's henchmen who keeps watch over Flashman during the Strackenz affair. A master with the schlager, de Gautet gives Flashman a fencing lesson under Bismarck's direction in order to inflict the scars that will complete his transformation into Prince Carl Gustaf. His interest in horses, possibly feigned, allows him to get close to Flashman in order to facilitate Bismarck's plan to expose Flashman as "British spy." Flashman narrowily escaped death at de Gautet's hands and, after extracting Bismarck's plan from him by torture, kills de Gautet. (Source: "Royal Flash") de LANDSFELD, Gräfin, Countess. See Montez, Lola. DETCHARD, __________. Danish minister in Bismarck's employ who assists him in exchanging Flashman for Prince Carl Gustaf. (Source: "Royal Flash") DIN, Muhammed. See Muhammed Din. DISRAELI, Benjamin, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (1804-1881), British writer and prime minister (1868 and 1874-1880), who for more than three decades exerted a profound influence on British politics and left an enduring stamp on the Conservative party, known until the 1830s as the Tory party. He attends the stratgey meeting for Flashman's ill-fated foray into politics. Flashman has a low opinion of the future Prime Minister and insists on using the spelling "D'Israeli" when referring to him in the Flashman Papers. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") DOST MUHAMMED (also, Dost Muhammed Khan). Emir of Afghanistan 1835-39. Deposed by British. DUBERLEY, Henry. Future husband of Fanny Locke whose arrival at the the stratgey meeting for Flashman's ill-fated foray into politics results in Flashman's pursuit of Fanny being frustrated and, ultimately, his swift departure from the political world. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") DUBERLEY, Fanny. See Locke, Frances Isabella. DUEL, Flashman's with Bernier. Flashman caused offense to Bernier, a fellow officer, by bedding Bernier's mistress. Bernier bore the insult for some time, but was provoked into striking Flashman on night in the mess. Flashman challenged Bernier to a duel, but arranged for Bernier's pistol to be loaded only with the wadding. After Bernier apparently missed, Flashman deloped his shot. He later takes the dueling pistols, which the gunsmith had presented to him following the duel, to Bavaria at the beginning of the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Flashman", "Royal Flash") EAST INDIA COMPANY. See English East India Company. EAST, Scud. Classmate of Flashman's at Rugby. The only "fag" to turn out to see Flashman leave the day after his expulsion. In later years Flashman came to realize that East was "one of Arnold's sturdy fools," and was genuinely sorry that Flashman had been expelled. East died at Cawnpore some twenty years later, but not before meeting up with Flashman again. (Source: "Flashman") EDEN, Emily, Lady. Sister of Lord Auckland. (Source: "Flashman") EDWARD VII ("tubby little Teddie")(1841-1910). King of Great Britain and Ireland and emperor of India (1901-10). The Edwardian period is named after him. Flashman first mentions Edward in the beginning of "Royal Flash". (Source: "Royal Flash") EIDER DANES. Faction in the Schleswig-Holstien Question (which see) that wanted to divide the territory between Germany and Denmark at the Eider River. (Source: "Royal Flash") EINER. Prince Carl Gustaf's personal valet. He is conveniently indisposed prior to the switch of Flashman for the Prince. (Source: "Royal Flash") ELEPHANT, Order of the. See Order of the Elephant. 11th HUSSARS. See 11th Light Dragoons. 11th LIGHT DRAGOONS (later, 11th Hussars). Regiment, recently returned from India, which Flashman had settled on as an appropriate unit in which to have his father purchase a commission for Flashman after his expulsion from Rugby. Flashman reasoned that having recently seen hard service, the regiment was not likely to be posted overseas again soon. (Source: "Flashman") ELLENBROUGH, __________, Lord. Governor-General in Delhi after Elphinstone's defeat in Afghanistan. (Source: "Flashman") ELPHINSTONE, William G. K., General ("Elphy Bey" "Elfistan Sahib"). Commander of the ill-fated garrison of Kabul during the First Afgan War. Flashman was made a galloper on the general's staff as a result of a chance encounter with General Crawford. (Source: "Flashman") ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY. The most important of the various East India companies, this company was a major force in the history of India for more than 200 years. The original charter was granted by Queen Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, under the title of "The Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies." The company was granted a monopoly of trade in Asia, Africa, and America, with the formal restriction that it might not contest the prior trading rights of "any Christian prince." The company was managed by a governor and 24 directors chosen from its stockholders. In early voyages it penetrated as far as Japan, and in 1610 and 1611 its first factories, or trading posts, were established in India in the provinces of Madras and Bombay. Under a perpetual charter granted in 1609 by King James I, the company began to compete with the Dutch trading monopoly in the Malay Archipelago, but after the massacre of Amboina the company conceded to the Dutch the area that became known as the Netherlands East Indies. Its armed merchantmen, however, continued sea warfare with Dutch, French, and Portuguese competitors. In 1650 and 1655 the company absorbed rival companies that had been incorporated under the Commonwealth and Protectorate by Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell. In 1657 Cromwell ordered it reorganized as the sole joint-stock company with rights to the Indian trade. During the reign of Charles II the company acquired sovereign rights in addition to its trading privileges. In 1689, with the establishment of administrative districts called presidencies in the Indian provinces of Bengal, Madras, and Bombay, the company began its long rule in India. It was continually harassed by traders who were not members of the company and were not licensed by the Crown to trade. In 1698, under a parliamentary ruling in favor of free trade, these private newcomers were able to set up a new company, called the New Company or English Company. The East India Company, however, bought control of this new company, and in 1702 an act of Parliament amalgamated the two as "The United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies." The charter was renewed several times in the 18th century, each time with financial concessions to the Crown. The victories of Robert Clive, a company official, over the French at Arcot in 1751 and at Plassey in 1757 made the company the dominant power in India. All formidable European rivalry vanished with the defeat of the French at Pondicherry in 1761. In 1773 the British government established a governor-generalship in India, thereby greatly decreasing administrative control by the company; however, its governor of Bengal, Warren Hastings, became the first governor-general of India. In 1784 the India Act created a department of the British government to exercise political, military, and financial control over the Indian affairs of the company, and during the next half century British control was extended over most of the subcontinent. In 1813 the company's monopoly of the Indian trade was abolished, and in 1833 it lost its China trade monopoly. Its annual dividends of 10.5 percent were made a fixed charge on Indian revenues. The company continued its administrative functions until the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857-58. In 1858, by the Act for the Better Government of India, the Crown assumed all governmental responsibilities held by the company, and its 24,000-man military force was incorporated into the British army. The company was dissolved on January 1, 1874, when the East India Stock Dividend Redemption Act came into effect. As a result of Cardigan's disapproval of his marriage to Elspeth, Flashman was forced to transfer from the regular army to a company regiment in India. (Source: "Flashman") EYRE, Vincent, Lieutenant. Officer in General Cotton's command at Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") FETNAB. A native female Flashman "purchases" shortly after his arrival in India for, among other things, language lessons. Flashman pays her an unusual compliment when, after selling her to an artillery major during the trek north to Kabul, he regrets having done so. (Source: "Flashman") FIRST AFGHAN WAR. Fearful that the Russian sphere of influence would be extended to the Indian frontiers, the British governor-general in India, George Eden, Earl of Auckland, presented Dost Muhammad with an ultimatum that included demands for the expulsion of a Russian representative at Kabul. These British demands were refused, and in March 1838 an Anglo-Indian army invaded Afghanistan, precipitating the First Afghan War (1838-1842). Meeting little effective opposition, the invaders captured Kandahar in April 1839 and Ghazně the following July. When Kabul fell in August, Shah Shuja, a grandson of Ahmad Shah, was installed on the Afghan throne in place of Dost Muhammad, who gave himself up to the British. On November 2, 1841, Akbar Khan, a son of Dost Muhammad, led a successful revolt against Shah Shuja and the Anglo-Indian garrisons in the country. An Anglo-Indian punitive expedition reinforced the garrisons for a brief period, but in December 1842 the British finally left the country. Dost Muhammad was then released from custody and allowed to resume his throne. Relations between Afghanistan and British-held India remained tense until 1855, when Dost Muhammad concluded a peace agreement with the Indian government. FLASHMAN, Elspeth Rennie (neé‚ Morrison), Hon. Flashman's wife. Brainless (or perhaps not) but beautiful, it cannot be denied that she is the one true love of Flashman's life (well, perhaps it can be argued otherwise, but let's not get into that). FLASHMAN, Harry, Esq. Flashman's Father. A Tory MP, he appears to have been cut from much the same cloth as his son, though far less subject to the serendipitous fortune that followed his only son. After drinking up the family fortune, the elder Flashman finds himself subject to the charity of his daughter-in-law's wealthy father. This, among other things, drives him to further ruinous drinking, such that he is often absent from the London home he shares with his son and daughter-in-law in order to take a "cure." He later abandons London for his country place, probablt to avoid his in-laws. (Source: "Flashman", "Royal Flash", "Flash for Freedom!") FLASHMAN, Harry Albert Victor, Right Rev. First child born to the marriage of Sir Harry Paget Flashman and the Hon. Elspeth Rennie Morrsion. Flashman has doubts about the paternity of his eldest son, especially since he became a bishop. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") FLASHMAN, Harry Paget. Brigadier-general, V.C., K.C.B., K.C.I.E.; Chevalier, Legion of Honour; U.S. Medal of honor; San Serafino Order of purity and truth, 4th Class. b 1822, s H. Flashman, Esq., Ashby and Hon. Alicia Paget; educ. Rugby School. m. Elspeth Rennie Morrison, d. Lord Paisley; one s., one d. Served Afghanistan, 1841-42 (medals, thanks of Parliament); Crimea (staff); Indian mutiny (Lucknow, etc., V.C.); China, Taiping Rebellion. Served U.S. Army (major, Union forces, 1862; colonel (staff) Army of the Confederacy, 1863). Travelled extensively in military and civilian capacities; a.d.c. Emperor Maximilian of Mexico; milit. advisor, H.M. Queen Ranavalona of Madagascar; chief of staff to Rajah of Sarawak; dep. marshall, U.S. Chmn, Flashman and Bottomley, Ltd.; dir. British Opium Trading Co.; governor, Rugby School; hon. pres. Mission for Reclamation of Reduced Females. Publications: Dawns and Departures of a Soldier's Life; Twixt Cossack and Cannon; The Case Against Army Reform. Clubs; White's, United Service, Blackjack (Batavia). Recreation: oriental studies, angling. Add. Gandamack Lodge, Ashby, Leics. (Source: "Flashman" et. al.) FLASHMAN, Jack. Flashman's great-grandfather. He "made a fortune in America out of slaves and rum" and possibly piracy, using the proceeds to buy respectability for his family (though not quite succeeding). (Source: "Flashman") FORREST, __________, Lieutenant. Officer in the 11th Light Dragoons. Like Capt. John Reynolds, he had seen service with the regiment in India before Cardigan assumed command. Accordingly, like Reynolds, he did not fair well under Cardigan. (Source: "Flashman") FRANZ. Probably no such person existed, but Flashman is told that "Franz had gone to find Willi, who would be able to borrow Wolf's horse" while he is detained at a farmhouse prior to his capture by the Sons of the Volsungs. (Source: "Royal Flash") FRASER, George Macdonald. Editor of the "The Flashman Papers." GALLOPER. A message carrier on the command staff of a military unit. Cavalry officers were usually assigned this duty at all ranks as orders frequently needed to be carried by high ranking officers. Flashman first saw duty as a galloper in India on General Elphinstone's staff. He was also assigned as a galloper on the command staff before Balaklava. (Source: "Flashman" and "Flashman at the Charge") GELBER, Heidi. Serving-maid at the Tarlenheim mansion where Bismarck arranges to substitute Flashman for Prince Carl Gustaf. She is probably the chambermaid with whom Flashman as a dalliance the night he is switched for the Prince. (Source: "Royal Flash") GEORGE, The. Locality where Flashman hired a horse to ride to London in order to inform his father that he had been expelled from Rugby. (Source: "Flashman") GLADSTONE, William Ewart (1809-1898). Four time prime minister of Great Britain (1868-1874, 1880-1885, 1886, and 1892-1894), and one of the dominant political forces in Victorian England. Leader of the Liberal party after 1867, Gladstone changed the role of government in England. Flashman had a low opinion of Gladstone. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") GRANT, __________. Adjutant-General at Kabul during the First Afghan War. (Source: "Flashman") GRAPES. Locality at which Flashman consumed beer with Speedicut the night Flashman was expelled from Rugby. (Source: "Flashman") GREIG, __________, Mr. Member of the London Law firm that arranges Flashman's travel and other affairs at the beginning of the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") GRUNDVIG, Per, Dr. A member of the Sons of the Volsungs. (Source: "Royal Flash") GUL SHAH. Nephew of Sher Afzul. After Flashman forces his attentions on a dancing girl who is Gul Shah's favorite, Gul Shah sends assassins to murder Flashman who narrowly escapes. Later Gul Shah rescues Flashman from the mob attacking the British compound at Kabul in order to do him in in a more spectacular way. (Source: "Flashman") GULLY, John (Jack), M.P. English pugilist and titleholder. Years after his fighting days, he is a member of the Leicestershire house party where Flashman has his second encounter with Bismarck. Flashman goads Bismarck into challenging Gully to a boxing match(Source: "Royal Flash") HAMET, Khan. See Khan Hamet. HANSEN, Erik. Danish diplomat in Berlin and childhood friend of Prince Carl Gustaf. His appearance at the wedding of the Prince and Duchess Irma of Strackenz causes trouble for Flashman (disguised as the Prince) and ultimately leads to his unmasking sometime later. Hansen dies in the attempt to rescue Prince Carl Gustaf from Jotunberg Castle. (Source: "Royal Flash") HASTINGS, Flora, Lady. Maid of Honour to the Duchess of Kent. A minor scandal in which Lady Flora was wrongly accused of being pregnant damaged the popularity of young Queen Victoria for a time. (Source: "Flashman") HAVELOCK, Henry, Major. Later the be the hero of Lucknow, he is an officer on Sale's staff during the siege of Jallalbad and is with Sale when Flashman awakes after being rescued from Piper's Fort. (Source: "Flashman") HELGA. Maid to Duchess Irma of Strackenz. (Source: "Royal Flash") HELMUTH. German waiter in London who Flashman procures as a language tutor before his trip to Bavaria at the beginning of the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") HOLSTEIN. Duchy between Germany and Denmark. (Source: "Royal Flash") HAWKINS, Anthony Hope, Sir (Anthony Hope) (1863-1933). English novelist and playwright, born in London. Flashman says that he told the story of Strackenz affair to "young Hawkins," implying that The Prisoner of Zenda was thereby inspired. (Source: "Royal Flash") HUDSON, __________, Sergeant. Sergeant in charge of the detachment of lancers sent with Flashman on his diplomatic mission to Sher Afzul. Flashman has him organize the "messenger" detachment which Flashman plans to use to aid him in a mad dash for India if the retreating Army of the Indus is attacked by Afghans. He is taken prisoner with Flashman during the retreat from Kabul. He slowly comes to realize that Flashman is not in fact a brave and daring officer. His attempts to force Flashman to command the Sepoy's at Fort Piper are of no use and he dies in the final Afghan assault. (Source: "Flashman") HUGHES, Thomas. Author of "Tom Brown's Schooldays." Flashman apparently bore no ill will toward Hughes for the misstatements of fact concerning Flashman's career at Rugby. Rather, he merely wished to set the record straight on how, exactly, he came to be expelled. However, Flashman is not above quoting Hughes when appropriate. (Source: "Flashman", "Royal Flash") IQBAL, Muhammed. See Muhammed, Iqbal. ILDERIM KHAN. Son of Sher Afzul. Flashman earns the esteem of father and son both when he presents Ilderim Khan with a one of his own pistols after delivering the diplomatic gift of a brace of pistols to Sher Afzul. He is made Flashman's hostage to atone for the assassination attempt on Flashman by Gul Shah. (Source: "Flashman") IRMA, Duchess. Duchess of Strackenz. Her marriage to Price Carl Gustaf of Denmark is intended to solidify Danish control over the small German principality. Bismarck wishes to foment unrest in the Duchy by using Flashman as Carl Gustaf's double in the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") IRVING. Flashman says of his bluff courage after the storming of Jotunberg Castle, "This chap Irving has nothing on me. This is almost certainly a reference to John Henry Brodribb (professional name Sir Henry Irving) (1838-1905), English actor and theatrical manager. Obviously, Flashman is referring to Irving based upon his subsequent reputation in the theater many years after the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") JACOB. A member of the Sons of the Volsungs. (Source: "Royal Flash") JALLALABAD. Afhgan border town where Sale makes his stand during the First Afghan War. (Source: "Flashman") JAMES, __________, Captain. British officer and husband of Lola Montez (when she was Marie Elizabeth Rosanna James). (Source: "Royal Flash") JAMES, Marie Elizabeth Rosanna. See Montez, Lola. JAN, Sultan. See Sultan Jan. JERRY, Master. Youthful card player at the stratgey meeting for Flashman's ill-fated foray into politics. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") JOHNSON, __________, Captain. British officer at Kabul during the First Afghan War. JONES, __________. Cardigan's aide who informs Flashman, by letter, that his marriage to Elspeth does not sit will with Cardigan. (Source: "Flashman") JOSEF. Prince Carl Gustaf's temporary valet. He was brought into the Prince's service on short notice so as to avoid discovery of the switch of Flashman for the Prince. (Source: "Royal Flash") JOSETTE. Mistress of Bernier, a fellow officer, who Flashman seeks to bed out of spite. (Source: "Flashman") JOTUNBERG CASTLE. Former castle stronghold of the Dukes of Strackenz in the Jotun Gipfel, later in private ownership by a sympathizer to the pro-German faction in Strakenz. Prince Carl Gustaf is held there while Flashman is impersonating him. (Source: "Royal Flash") JOTUN GIPFEL. Craggy mountain range in the Duchy of Strackenz. (Source: "Royal Flash") JOTUNSCHLUCHT. Deep gorge in the Jotun Gipfel where de Gautet plans to murder Flashman and leave his body to be discovered as part of Bismarck's plan to foment discord in Strackenz by making it appear that Flashman was masquerading as Carl Gustaf as part of a British plot. (Source: "Royal Flash") JOTUNSEE. Lake in the Jotun Gipfel that served as the moot for Jotunberg castle. (Source: "Royal Flash") KARJUSS, __________ Dr. Examining magistrate who oversees Flashman's arrest for "obscene and indecent conduct" etc. which results from Lola Montez's plot to gain revenge on Flashman and involve him in the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") KAROLINEN PLATZ. Locality in the vicinity of Lola Montez's "house" (really a palace) in Munich. (Source: "Royal Flash") KHAN, Akbar. See Akbar Khan. KHAN, Amenoolah. See Amenoolah Khan. KHAN HAMET. One of the leaders of the Afghan rebellion. He accompanies Flashman to Kabul with Akbar Khan's message for MacNaughten. (Source: "Flashman") KHAN, Ilderim. See Ilderim Khan. KIRK. Seaman on the Balliol College, he was an experienced slaver. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") KRAFTSTEIN, __________. One of Bismarck's henchmen who keeps watch over Flashman during the Strackenz affair. He dies during the assault on Jotenberg Castle by the Sons of the Volsungs. (Source: "Royal Flash") LANDSDOWNE, Marquis of. Political figure at the time of Flashman's brief foray into politics. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") LANGTRY, Lily (or Lillie). professional name of EMILY CHARLOTTE LE BRETON (1852-1929), English actor of striking beauty, born on the island of Jersey. After her marriage to Edward Langtry, she became an actor, first appearing (1881) in London in She Stoops to Conquer, by Oliver Goldsmith. She proved popular and played with her own company in England and the U.S. for more than 20 years in such works as Shakespeare's As You Like It and Antony and Cleopatra and in Lady Windemere's Fan, which was written for her by Oscar Wilde. She retired in 1914. Flashman claims an intimate acquaintance with Langtry. (Source: "Royal Flash") LAUENGRAN, R. Chamberlain to the Countess de Landsfeld. It is his communication to Flashman on behalf of the Countess which begins Flashman on his journey into the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") LAWRENCE, __________. British officer(?) or diplomat(?) at Kabul during the First Afghan War. (Source: "Flashman") LE GEYT, __________. British officer(?) or diplomat(?) at Kabul during the First Afghan War. (Source: "Flashman") LEE, Robert E., General (1807-70). Brilliant Confederate general, whose military genius was probably the greatest single factor in keeping the Confederacy alive through the four years of the American Civil War. He once told Flashman the when Wellington shook Flashman's hand, Flashman had received the highest honor a soldier could hope for. (Source: "Flashman") LIBBY PRISON. Notorious Confederate prison in Richmond, Virginia, CSA, during the American civil war. Flashman indicates that he had "been in half the lock-ups between Libby Prison and Botany Bay," so he was probably confined there during his Civil War adventure, the tale of which has yet to be told. (Source: "Royal Flash") LISZT, Franz (1811-86). Hungarian-born pianist and composer, founder of the solo piano recital and perhaps the greatest pianist of all time, as well as one of the important composers of the 19th century. Flashman makes brief mention of Lola Montez's affair with Liszt, and claims that he later meet Liszt and that they compared notes on their mutual acquaintance. (Source: "Royal Flash") LITTLE, __________, Captain. Commander of Piper's Fort during the siege of Jallalabad. (Source: "Flashman") LOCKE, __________. Fanny Locke's brother and host of the the stratgey meeting for Flashman's ill-fated foray into politics. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") LOCKE, Abigail. Wife of the host of the stratgey meeting for Flashman's ill-fated foray into politics. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") LOCKE, Frances Isabella ("Fanny")(1829-1903). Flashman first meets Fanny at her at Cleeve House during the stratgey meeting for his ill-fated foray into politics. He later meets her again at Balaclava. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") LOCKE, Selina. Aunt of the host of the stratgey meeting for Flashman's ill-fated foray into politics. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") LOUIS-PHILLIPE, called the Citizen King (1773-1850). King of France (1830-48). He was the son of Louis Philippe Joseph, duc d'Orl‚ans (called Philippe galit‚), and was born in Paris. He was deposed during the Revolution of 1848 just as the Strackenz affair was coming to a close. (Source: "Royal Flash") LUDWIG I, King (1786-1868). King of Bavaria (1825-48), son and successor of Maximilian I, born in Strasbourg. In the early part of his reign he upheld a moderate constitutional policy, but he later became reactionary in his opposition to the revolutionary spirit rampant in Europe. The last decade of his rule was dominated by Roman Catholic politicians, who were, however, unable to compel him to banish his mistress, the British dancer Lola Montez. During the Revolution of 1848 that spread from France to other parts of Europe, he abdicated in favor of his son Maximilian II; thereafter he spent most of his time in France. Louis was a distinguished scholar, soldier, and patron of the arts. His affair with Lola Montez resulted in her being in a position to assist Bismarck in drawing Flashman into the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") LUMLEY, __________. Manager of the theater where Lola Montez is performing. (Source: "Royal Flash") MacAULAY, Thomas Babington ("Babbling"), 1st Baron Macaulay (1800-59), British historian, essayist, and statesman, best remembered for his five- volume History of England. He is also present at Court when Flashman is presented to the Queen and Prince Consort. Macauley also served in parliament and the cabinet, though Flashman was of the opinion that Macaulay was not well-suited to his ministerial tasks. (Source: "Flashman", "Flash for Freedom!") MacKENZIE, Colin, Captain (later Lieutenant-General). British officer at Kabul during the early stages of the First Afghan War. He is with Flashman when Flashman recounts the murder of Burnes and his own rescue by Akbar Khan during the attach on the British compound at Kabul. Flashman reckons that MacKenzie's telling the story will further improve Flashman's reputation since he believes MacKenzie to be the bravest man in the garrison after George Broadfoot and one of the finest soldiers he ever met. (Source: "Flashman") MacKenzie taught Flashman to use brandy as rubbing alcohol to warm the skin when cold, probably during the retreat from Kabul. (Source: "Royal Flash") MacNAUGHTEN, __________, Lady. Wife of the murdered envoy. She is among the civilians in the column on the retreat from Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") MacNAUGHTEN, William, Sir ("McLoten Sahib"). British civilian envoy in Kabul at time of First Afghan War. MacNaghten Sir Alexander Burnes accompanied Sir John Keane on his campaign of 1839 and remained in Kabul with the Garrison when Keane returned to India with the bulk of the Army of the Indus. He is killed during the parlay with Akbar Khan. (Source: "Flashman") MANSUR. Afghan dwarf of great strength who challenges Flashman in a game of tug-of-war over a pit of deadly snakes as entertainment for Gul Shah. Flashman bests him by chance when the arrival of Akbar Khan distracts Mansur from the contest. (Source: Flashman) MARX, Karl (1818-1883). German political philosopher and revolutionist, cofounder with Friedrich Engels of scientific socialism (modern communism), and, as such, one of the most influential thinkers of all times. It is possible that Marx was in the crowd viewing the procession following the wedding of Duchess Irma and Prince Carl Gustaf. (Source: "Royal Flash") METTERNICH, Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar, von, Prince (1773-1859). Austrian statesman and diplomat, who was the dominant figure in European politics between 1814 and 1848. Flashman claims that Metternich tried to bribe Lola Montez to leave Bavaria in order to end her influence over King Ludwig. (Source: "Royal Flash") MICHAEL. One of Bismarck's men at Jotunberg Castle. (Source: "Royal Flash") MINOR CLUB (or Minor St. James Club). Gambling and Bawdy house visited by Flashman and Speedicut on the night it is raided. (Source: "Royal Flash") MITCHELL, John. Irish reform agitator during the 1848 revolutionary period. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") MITTON, Jack. Acquaintance of Flashman's with home he occasionally attended weekend hunting parties. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") MONTEZ, Lola. Stage actress and courtesan. Flashman first encounters her and has a brief and tempestuous affair with her before her stage career. Breaking off the affair causes Flashman to be the victim of Lola's rage. Flashman later seeks revenge on her by passing along the fact of her transformation from "Mrs. James" to Lola Montez to a spurned suitor who denounces her as an imposter at her first performance. Later, as Countess De Landsfeld, mistress to the King of Bavaria, she assists Bismarck in his plot to draw Flashman in to the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") MORRISON, Agnes, Hon. Elspeth's sister, probably the second eldest of the four Morrison daughters (see Morrison daughters, ages of). (Source: "Flashman") MORRISON DAUGHTERS, Ages of. Lord Paisley had four daughters, of which one, Elspeth, had the honour of being Mrs. Harry Flashman. Flashman's usually accurate memory for detail has played him somewhat foul with regard to his three sisters-in-law. In "Flashman" he at least implies that Agnes was the oldest, followed by Mary, Elspeth and Grizel. But In "Royal Flash" he seems certain that Mary is the eldest. It is possible that in "Flashman" he was merely estimating their ages on his first meeting, or perhaps he later mistook their ages because Mary had found a husband, while the other two had not. Elspeth's birth order is also uncertain, since although she was older than Grizel, it is possible that she was also older than Agnes. This does not seem likely, though. It is also curious that Lord Paisley dotes upon Elspeth as his "wee daughter." One would think, considering on her choice of husbands, and his refusal to seek an appropriate dowry for any of the girls, he would not have been so affectionate. (Source: "Flashman", "Royal Flash") MORRISON, Elspeth Rennie, Hon. See Flashman, Elspeth (neé‚ Morrison), Hon. MORRISON, Grizel, Hon. Elspeth's younger sister. She married a Rothschild. (Source: "Flashman", "Flash for Freedom!") MORRISON, Mary, Hon. Elspeth's sister, probably the eldest of the four Morrison daughters (see Morrison daughters, ages of). Sometime after Elspeth's marriage to Flashman, Mary weds a Glasgow man of business and "was breeding at a rare rate." (Source: "Flashman", "Royal Flash") MORRISON, "Mistress" or "Mrs.", Lady Paisley (neé‚ Abercrombie). The only term by which Flashman's mother-in-law is addressed in The Flashman Papers, so her first name is consigned to the ages. She and Lord Paisley reside with the Flashman's in their London home for a time. (Source: "Flashman", "Royal Flash") MORRISON, Paget. Durban, South Africa. Nearest known living relative of Flashman. "The Flashman Papers" came into his possession sometime after 1965. (Source: "Flashman" et. al.) MUHAMMED DIN. One of the leaders of the Afghan rebellion. He accompanies Flashman to Kabul with Akbar Khan's message for MacNaughten. (Source: "Flashman") MUHAMMED, Dost. See Dost Muhammed. MUHAMMED IQBAL. A pathan rissalder who teaches Flashman how to use a lance when he is assigned to a lancer unit in India. Through General Elphinstone's influence, he was seconded to Flashman's company and taught Flashman to speak Pushtu on the way to Kabul. He then accompanies Flashman on the diplomatic mission to Sher Afzul and is killed when Flashman abandons him when they are set upon by Gul Shah's henchmen. Iqbal manages to do in three of the assassins before being brought down by the fourth, who Flashman kills as he is striking the final blow at Iqbal. (Source: "Flashman") NARREEMAN. Gilzai dancing girl who captures Flashman's attention during his diplomatic mission to Sher Afzul. She is a favorite of Gul Shah and refuses Flashman's advances. Flashman admits that he rapes her in his fury, maintaining that it was the only time he forced himself on a woman. Gul Shah later tries to have Flashman killed, sending four lancers to ambush him while he is out hunting. Gul Shah later makes her his wife. After Hudson kills Gul Shah, he and Flashman use Narreeman as a hostage to cover their escape from the Afridi. (Source: "Flashman") NOTT, __________, General. Commander of the garrison at Kandahar, He is in Kabul at the time Flashman arrives there with dispatches from General Elphinstone. (Source: "Flashman") OLIVER, __________, Colonel. Officer in General Cotton's command at Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") ORDER OF THE ELEPHANT. Ancient Danish military decoration worn by Prince Carl Gustaf. Flashman was apparently able to escape from the Strackenz affair with this as a souvenir and subsequently scandalized Danish diplomats in London by wearing the decoration, which they had no record of his having been awarded. (Source: "Royal Flash") OSTRED, __________, Dr. Prince Carl Gustaf's personal physician, her is apparently a party to the plot to switch the Prince and Flashman. (Source: "Royal Flash") OSWALD. Flashman's father's manservant. (Source: "Flashman") PAGET, Alicia, Hon. Flashman's mother. She died when Flashman was very young. (Source: "Flashman") PAGET, Bindley. Flashman's uncle. He helped arrange Flashman's purchase of a commission in the 11th Light Dragoons. (Source: "Flashman") PAISLEY. Scottish mill town near Edinburgh. Flashman is posted there after the Bernier affair when the full story comes to the attention of the Prince consort. (Source: "Flashman") PAISLEY, John Morrison, Lord. Elspeth's father. Flashman despises his Scots father-in-law, not only for his elitist attitude, but for the parsimonious way in which he doles out his capital after Flashman's own father is bankrupt. For a time, Lord and Lady Paisley reside with the Flashman's in their London home. (Source: "Flashman", "Royal Flash") PALMERSTON, Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount ("Pam") (1784-1865). Prime minister (1855-1858, 1859-1865) of Great Britain, who had an important influence on European affairs. At the time of the Strackenz affair, Palmerston is foreign secretary. Thus, Bismarck's plan is to make it appear that Flashman is an agent for Lord Palmerston. (Source: "Royal Flash") PARKER, __________, Captain. Cavalry officer at Kabul during the First Afghan War. Flashman contrives to have him sent away in order to attempt a dalliance with his wife. (Source: "Flashman") PARKER, Betty. Wife of a calvary officer who catches Flashman's eye during the preparations for the retreat from Kabul. Her rather odd notions of what passes for an affectionate embrace give Flashman the wrong idea. (Source: "Flashman") PARSONS, Judy, Miss. Friend of Flashman's father. Flashman's brief dalliance with Miss Judy may have been the reason his father readily agreed, as a way of getting Flashman out of the house, to Flashman's plan to enter the army. (Source: "Flashman") PECHMAN, __________, Baroness. Rubenesque member of Lola Montez's court, and wife of a former Munich police commissioner, who figures in Lola's plan for revenge on Flashman at the beginning of the Strackenz affair by having him wrongfully (well, somewhat) charged with obscene and indecent behavior. (Source: "Royal Flash") Peel, Sir Robert (1788-1850). British prime minister and founder of the modern Conservative party. PEEL, __________, Viscount. Son of Sir Robert Peel. Flashman says that by the time he reached the channel during his escape from Germany following the Strackenz affair, he had heard that Lola Montex was in Switzerland with Viscount Peel. (Source: "Royal Flash") PERCEVAL, Tom. Friend of Flashman's who invites him to his country place in Leicestershire to view a prizefight and do some hunting. Flashman has his second encounter with Bismarck at Perceval's. PIPER'S FORT. Out post of Jallalabad siege works. Flashman and Hudson arrive their during their flight from Afghanistan. Despite himself, Flashman manages to become the hero of Piper's Fort by being the only Englishman to survive the Afghan's assault. (Source: "Flashman") PLUNGER. An officer, usual via purchase, who uses the army as an entré‚ to London society, but has not seen any real military service. Captain John Reynolds informs Flashman that he should do well as a "plunger." (Source: "Flashman") POLLACK, __________, General. Officer commanding column that relieves Jallalabad during the First Afghan War. (Source: "Flashman") POTTINGER, __________. British Officer at Kabul at the time of the First Afghan War. (Source: "Flashman") QUEEN'S MEDAL. Victoria had medal's struck for service in the First Afghan War, but withdrew the award when it was learned the Ellenborough had called for four medals to be awarded. Flashman received his Queen's Medal from Her Majesty's own hand, the only one ever awarded as it turned out. (Source: "Flashman") RAGNAR. Pet mastiff belonging to Price Carl Gustaf's great-uncle. The animal lived to be 23 years old. (Source: "Royal Flash") RAISUL. One of the Afridi who captures Flashman and Hudson on the retreat from Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") RANELAGH AFFAIR. Flashman uses Lord Ranelagh to effect revenge on Lola Montez, and subsequently become entangled in the Strackenz affair as part of Lola's own revenge on him. (Source: "Royal Flash") RANELAGH, __________, Lord. It is Lord Ranelagh who denounces Lola Montez (who, as Marie Elizabeth Rosanna James had rebuffed his lordship's advances) as a fraud at her first performance. Flashman claims that it was he who informed Ranelagh of Mrs. James transformation into the "belle Andalusian." (Source: "Royal Flash") REYNOLDS, John, Captain. Officer in the 11th Light Dragoons at the time Flashman purchased his commission. Reynolds was subsequently forced by Cardigan to resign his commission over a trivial matter. (Source: "Flashman") ROTHSCHILD, Grizel de. See Morrison, Grizel. RUFTON, __________. Rugby housemaster who discovered Flashman in a state of inebriation and delivered him to Dr. Arnold. (Source: "Flashman") RUGBY. Flashman's public school. Though Flashman departed the school under somewhat unsavory circumstances, he was later in life a governor of the school. (Source: "Flashman") RUSSELL, John, 1st Earl Russell of Kingston Russell (1792-1878). British prime minister and liberal reformer and son of the 6th duke of Bedford. Flashman says that his father-in-law acquired his title through purchase from Russell. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") SALDERN, __________ von, Marshall. Marshall of Strackenz who greets Flashman (as Prince Carl Gustaf) upon his arrival in the Duchy. (Source: "Royal Flash") SALE, __________, General ("Fighting Bob"). General who commanded two battalions of the Army of the Indus which cleared the passes to India after the Gilzai's revolted when their subsidy was cut. Flashman is to deliver a letter to Sale, but instead sends Ilderim Khan rather than risk crossing through Gilzai lines. Sale's report of how Flashman was the sole English soldier to survive the assault on Piper's Fort makes Flashman's (undeserved)reputation. (Source: "Flashman") SALE, __________, Lady. Wife of General Sale. (Source: "Flashman") SALIC LAW. Code of laws written in Latin and first compiled early in the 6th century by the Salians, a Frankish people that conquered Gaul in the 5th century. It comprises principally the fines to be paid for various injuries and crimes. Among its civil statutes, however, was one prohibiting daughters from inheriting land. It is this aspect of the law to which the term Salic law is most often applied, primarily because it mistakenly came to be employed as an argument against the succession of women, or of the descendants of kings' daughters, to European thrones. Flashman, upon realizing that he, or rather Prince Carl Gustaf, would merely be a consort to Duchess Irma, comments that Salic Law "was a damned sound idea." (Source: "Royal Flash") SAPTEN, __________, Major. One of the leaders of the Sons of the Volsungs. SCHLESWIG. Duchy between Germany and Denmark. (Source: "Royal Flash") SCHLESWIG-HOLSTIEN QUESTION. The politcal-diplomatic problem which led to Flashman's involvement in the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") The duchies of Schleswig and Holstein long figured prominently in the political history of northwestern Europe. The Danes always regarded Schleswig as Danish, and Holstein had become completely Germanized at an early period. In 1460 Schleswig and Holstein became allied to the Danish government during the reign of Christian I of Denmark, heir to Schleswig and Holstein. The two duchies remained legally separate, however, from Denmark. Frederick VII of Denmark announced his intention in 1848 of incorporating them into Denmark. The people of Schleswig-Holstein rebelled and appealed to Germany for military aid. Prussian troops and Schleswig-Holstein forces drove the Danes from Schleswig. In 1849, aided by Britain, Russia, and France, Denmark renewed the struggle, and eventually Prussia abandoned Schleswig-Holstein. In 1864 Prussian and Austrian forces advanced into Schleswig. Christian IX of Denmark had to relinquish his claims to Schleswig and Holstein. Under the terms of the Treaty of Vienna, written in 1864, the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein were ceded to Prussia and Austria. The terms of the Convention of Gastein in 1865 gave the administration of Schleswig to Prussia and that of Holstein to Austria. The ambitions of these rival powers soon led to the Seven Weeks' War (1866), which was followed by the formal incorporation of Schleswig-Holstein, including the former duchy of Lauenburg, as a province of Prussia. Among the terms of the Treaty of Versailles following World War I (1914-1918) was a provision calling for a plebiscite in Schleswig. The northern zone, which voted three to one for Danish control, was incorporated into Denmark. The southern zone voted overwhelmingly in favor of Germany, and became part of Schleswig- Holstein in Germany. SCH™NHAUSEN. Bismarck's family home where Flashman is instructed in his role as Prince Carl Gustaf during the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") SCHWERIN, Adolf, First Minister. First Minister to Duchess Irma of Stracken. (Source: "Royal Flash") SHAH, Gul. See Gul Shah. SHAH SHUJA. Ruler of Afghanistan (1803-10) briefly restored to throne by British in 1839 resulting if First Afghan War. SHELTON, __________, Brigadier. Second-in-command of the Army of the Indus during the First Afghan War. (Source: "Flashman") SHER AFZUL. Chief of the Gilzais tribes that controlled the passes between India and Afghanistan at the time of the First Afghan War. Flashman is sent by General Cotton on a diplomatic mission to secure Sher Afzul's loyalty. Sher Afzul gives Flashman the name "Bloody Lance" as a result of his mistaken belief that Flashman bested the four assassins sent by Gul Shah. To atone for the dishonour of the attack, Sher Afzul gives his son to Flashman as a hostage. (Source: "Flashman") SHYLOCK. Race horse whose loss in the Derby Falshman compares to the defeat of the Jewish Rights Bill being defeated in the Lords in an effort to make political small talk with Bentinck and Disreali. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") SKINNER, Jim ("Gentleman Jim"). Officer in General Cotton's command at Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") SNIVELS, Sammy ("Looney"). Cabin boy on the Balliol College. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") SNOOKS, Obadiah. Alias FLashman used to sign the Chartist petition to the Commons. He also signs for his father-in-law, the Duke of Wellington and Lord Palmerston. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") SPEEDICUT, _________ ("Speed"). A classmate of Flashman's at Rugby. It was Speedicut who enticed Flashman into consuming beer on top of gin-punch and then abandoned him when one of the school's masters happened upon them. They renew their acquaintance after Flashman returns from Afghanistan. As a result, Speedicut redeems himself by standing his ground and permitting Flashman to escape when they are chased by the police following the raid of the Minor Club. He was also a member of the Leicestershire house party where Flashman has his second encounter with Bismarck. (Source: "Flashman", "Royal Flash") SPOTTSWOOD, __________. A member of the Leicestershire house party where Flashman has his second encounter with Bismarck. (Source: "Royal Flash") SPRING, John Charity, Captain. Villainous, Latin maxim quoting slave ship captain into whose service Flashman is cashiered after the Cleeve House incident. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") SPRING, Mrs. Wife of Captain Spring. (Source: "Flash for Freedom!") STARNBERG, Rudolf von (Rudi). Perhaps best described as a lunatic Austro-Hungarian version of Flashman, though not quite so craven but far more self-interested. Rudi is a principal player in the Strackenz affair, though it would not be quite fair to call him a henchman of Bismarck's. While his actual motives are unclear, it is certain that he is not merely a lackey. He subsequently conceives a plan to use Flashman to plunder(Source: "Royal Flash") An apocryphal note would suggest the he "invented" Hungarian roulette, a game in which a revolver with a bullet in one chamber is spun and fired in a test of will and courage. (Source: film version of "Royal Flash") STRACKENZ AFFAIR. Flashman's brief foray into German politics, adultery (of a sort), and several near-death experiences, all of which are recounted in "Royal Flash." (Source: "Royal Flash") STRACKENZ, Duchy of. Minor German principality that figures in Bismarck's political plans and affords him an opportunity to seek revenge on Flashman. Although not so large as neighboring Schleswig and Holstien, Strackenz has a pivotal role in determining whether it and the other northern provinces of Germany will ally with Bismarck's German Confederation or with Denmark. (Source: "Royal Flash") STRELHOW LODGE. Location of the honeymoon for Prince Carl Gustaf and Duchess Irma. (Source: "Royal Flash") STURT, __________, Lieutenant. Officer on the retreat from Kabul. (Source: "Flashman") SULTAN JAN. Akbar Khan's cousin. One of the leaders of the Afghan rebellion. (Source: "Flashman") SUSAN. A maid in the Flashman's London household. (Source: "Flashman") TARLENHEIM. Country estate where Flashman is switched for Prince Carl Gustaf during the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") TARLENHEIM, __________ von, Count. Host of Prince Carl Gustaf during his trip to Strackenz. Flashman is switched for the Prince at the Count's mansion. (Source: "Royal Flash") THERESIENSTRASSE. Locality of the hotel where Flashman stays in Munich at the beginning of the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") THOMAS ("old Thomas"). A member of the Rugby staff who took Flashman from the school hospital to Dr. Arnold on the night of Flashman's expulsion from Rugby. (Source: "Flashman") TIMBU ("Timbu-something-or-other"). Flashman's servant and translator when we first arrives in India. (Source: "Flashman") TRACY, __________. Officer named by Bernier as his second when Flashman challenged Bernier to a duel. (Source: "Flashman") TREVOR, __________. British officer(?) or diplomat(?) at Kabul during the First Afghan War. He is killed along with MacNaughten at the parlay with Akbar Khan. (Source: "Flashman") VICTORIA, Queen (1819-1901). Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901) and empress of India (1876-1901). Born Alexandrina Victoria on May 24, 1819, in Kensington Palace, London, Victoria was the daughter of Victoria Mary Louisa, daughter of the duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld; her father was Edward Augustus, duke of Kent and Strathern, the fourth son of George III and youngest brother of George IV and William IV, kings of Great Britain. Because William IV had no legitimate children, his niece Victoria became heir apparent to the British crown upon his accession in 1830. On June 20, 1837, with the death of William IV, she became queen at the age of 18. WAGNER, Wilhelm Richard (1813-83). German composer and musical theorist, one of the most influential figures of 19th-century Europe. Flashman meets Wagner at Lola Montez's palace in Bavaria at the beginning of the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") WATNEY, ________. Officer who is Elspeth's riding partner (and Flashman suspects something more). Elspeth is put riding with Watney when Flashman is summoned to Court to meet the Queen. (Source: "Flashman") WARD, Nick. English pugilist. Flashman goes to Leicestershire to see one of his bouts and encounters Bismarck for a second time on the trip. (Source: "Royal Flash") WEBSTER, __________, (Police) Sergeant. Former corporal of Third Guards who rebuffs Bismarck's effort to have Flashman (justly) arrested as a fugitive from the raid on the Minor Club. (Source: "Royal Flash") WELLINGTON, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of (1769-1852), British general and prime minister (1828-30 and 1834), best known for his victory over Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo. After Flashman's return to England from India following his ill-deserved laurels won at Piper's Fort, Wellington takes Flashman to present him to the Queen and Prince Consort. (Source: "Flashman") WELLS, __________, Sergeant. Non-commissioned officer at Fort Piper who meets Flashman and Hudson. (Source: "Flashman") WESSEL, __________. Guardsman at the Ducal Palace in Strackenz. Flashman pursuades him to look after the Duchess while Flashman makes off with the crown jewels. (Source: "Royal Flash") WILDE, Oscar (1854-1900). Irish-born writer and wit, who was the chief proponent of the aesthetic movement, based on the principle of art for art's sake. Wilde was a novelist, playwright, poet, and critic. Flashman claims he won a bet with Wilde over the outcome of the Sullivan-Ryan prizefight of 1882. (Source: "Royal Flash") WILLI. Probably no such person existed, but Flashman is told that "Franz had gone to find Willi, who would be able to borrow Wolf's horse" while he is detained at a farmhouse prior to his capture by the Sons of the Volsungs. (Source: "Royal Flash") WILLIAM GREIG & SONS. London law firm to which Flashman is to report for travel instructions and payment of Ł500 in gold at the beginning of the Strackenz affair. (Source: "Royal Flash") WILSON, __________, Mr. Singer and lecturer. Elspeth is attending a performance of his "A Nicht wi' Burns" the night that Flashman is almost caught in the raid of the Minor club. (Source: "Royal Flash") WINDISCHMANN, __________, Dr. Vicar-general of the Catholic Church in Bavaria at the time of the Strackenz affair. WOLFE. Probably no such person existed, but Flashman is told that "Franz had gone to find Willi, who would be able to borrow Wolf's horse" while he is detained at a farmhouse prior to his capture by the Sons of the Volsungs. (Source: "Royal Flash")