THE PRENDERGAST, PENDERGRASS, PENDERGRAFT & PENDERS FAMILY
		DYS Numbers
Kit #	A																												Y	Y									H
	N																											G	C	C									A
	C																											A	A	A									P
	E										3		3															T							C	C			L
	S					3	3				8		8		4	4							4	4	4	4		A	I	I					D	D			O
	T	3	3		3	8	8	4	3	4	9	3	9	4	5	5	4	4	4	4	4	4	6	6	6	6	4		I	I	4	6	5	5	Y	Y	4	4	G
	O	9	9	1	9	5	5	2	8	3	\|	9	\|	5	9	9	5	5	4	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	6	H			5	0	7	7			4	3	R
	R	3	0	9	1	a	b	6	8	9	1	2	2	8	a	b	5	4	7	7	8	9	a	b	c	d	0	4	a	b	6	7	6	0	a	b	2	8	P
	Group 1
1968	Job Pender-grass b. 1753	13	24	16	10	11	14	12	10	11	13	11	30	14	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	12	11	19	23	16	15	17	20	33	40	12	11	R1a1
4448	Job Pender-grass b. 1753	13	24	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	29	14	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	11	19	23	16	15	17	20	33	40	12	11	R1a1
20901	Job Pender-grass b 1753	13	26	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	14	8	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	12	15	15	11	11	19	23	15	15	18	20	33	40	12	11	R1a1
20906	Job Pender-grass b. 1753	13	24	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	14	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	12	11	19	23	16	15	17	20	33	40	12	11	R1a1
43664	Job Pender-grass b. 1753	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	14	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	10	11	19	23	16	15	18	20	33	39	12	11	R1a1
43660	Job Pender-grass b. 1753	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	14	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	11	19	23	16	15	17	20	33	40	12	11	R1a1
102545	George Prendergast b. c. 1775	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	10	19	24	15	15	19	21	33	39	12	11	R1a1
50946	Maurice de Prendergast d. 1205	13	25	15	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	10	19	24	15	15	19	21	33	40	12	11	R1a1
13910	James Prendergast b. c. 1930	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	32	12	15	15	16													R1a1
85440	John Pendergast b. 1837	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	32	12	15	15	16	12	11	19	24	16	15	17	19	34	39	12	11	R1a1
66304	John Prendergast b 1797	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	12	30	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	11	19	24	16	15	19	20	33	41	12	11	R1a1
43111	Patrick Prendergast b. 1781	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	12	30	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	11	19	24	16	15	20	20	33	41	12	11	R1a1
3376	Edmund Pen-ders b.c. 1814	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	31	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	9	19	24	15	15	19	21	33	39	12	11	R1a1
N5402	Thomas Prendergast b. 1783	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	31	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	10	19	24	16	15	19	21	33	39	12	11	R1a1

	Proposed Sequence of Modal Haplotype for Group 1	13	25	16	10	11	14	12	10	10	13	11	30	15	9	10	11	11	24	14	19	31	12	15	15	16	11	11	19	24	16	15	18 or 19	20 or 21	33	39 or 40	12	11	R1a1
	Group 2
13909	James Prendergast, b. ca. 1820	13	25	16	10	##	16	11	13	11	12	11	28	17	8	9	10	12	24	15	18	28	14	14	15	15													I
	Group 3
28400	John Pendergrass b. by 1741	13	24	14	11	11	14	12	12	11	14	13	30	17	9	10	11	11	25	15	18	29	15	15	17	17													R1b1
31191	John Pendergrass b. by 1741	13	24	14	11	11	14	12	12	11	14	13	30	17	9	10	11	11	25	15	18	29	15	15	17	17													R1b1
30906	John Pendergrass b. by 1741	13	24	14	11	11	14	12	12	11	14	13	30	17	9	10	11	11	25	15	18	29	15	15	15	17													R1b1
37387	John Pendergrass b. by 1741	13	24	14	11	11	14	12	12	11	14	13	30	17	9	10	11	11	25	15	18	30	15	15	15	17													R1b1
37388	John Pendergrass b. by 1741	13	24	14	11	11	14	12	12	11	14	13	30	17	9	10	11	11	25	15	18	30	15	15	15	17													R1b1
30905	John Prendergrass b. ca. 1757	13	23	14	11	11	14	12	12	11	15	13	31	17	9	10	11	11	25	15	18	29	15	15	17	17													R1b1
	Group 4
3375	John Pendors b. ca. 1800	13	24	14	10	12	14	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	9	9	11	11	25	14	19	30	14	15	15	17													R1b1
27123	John Pendors b. ca.1800	13	24	14	10	12	14	12	12	12	13	13	29	19	9	9	11	11	25	14	19	30	14	15	15	17													R1b1
	Group 5
85629	William Pender b. ca. 1785	13	24	13	10	11	15	12	12	12	13	13	29	17	9	10	11	11	27	15	19	29	15	15	16	16	11	10	19	23	16	15	18	17	37	37	12	12	I
	Group 6
106764	Patrick Pendergast b. ca. 1816	13	24	14	10	11	12	12	12	12	13	13	30	17	9	10	11	11	25	15	19	28	14	15	16	17	11	11	19	23	16	15	18	17	37	38	12	12	R1b1
	Group 7
38500	Edwin Prendergast, b. by 1810	13	25	14	11	11	13	12	12	12	13	13	29	16	9	10	11	11	25	15	19	28	15	15	17	17	11	11	19	23	15	15	18	17	36	37	12	12	R1b1

The DYS Numbers in red have shown a faster mutation rate than the average, and therefore these markers are very helpful at splitting lineages into subsets, or branches, within a family tree. DYS 19 is also known as DYS 394. A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) test, which is used to confirm the haplogroup, has been performed on the haplogroups written in bold, red print in the right hand column. It is necessary to do a SNP (commonly called “snip”) test for only one individual within a family group in order to determine the haplogroup for everyone in the group.

THE PENDERGRAFT FAMILY
Copyright © December 2003, Revised 2005, 2006, 2008
Mary Fern Souder

For ease of comparison, a preliminary pedigree is given at the beginning of each group for each man who participated in the study.

Group 1:

Participant # 1968: Job Pendergrass b. 1753 +2 Mary > Moses Pendergrass b. 1793 NC + Margaret Mashburn > Wesley Powell Pendergraft b. 1828 + Ellen Rose > Thomas Jasper Pendergraft b. 1851 + Margaret Spurlock

Participant # 4448: Job Pendergrass b. 1753 +2 Mary > Moses Pendergrass b. 1793 NC+ Margaret Mashburn > Wesley Powell Pendergraft b. 1828 + Ellen Rose > Moses Pendergraft b. 1856 + Lucinda Schell

Participant # 20901: Job Pendergrass b. 1753 +2 Mary > Henry James Pendergrass b. 1802 NC + Mary Beaver > Paul Pendergraft b. 1848 + Martha Walden > Madison Monroe Pendergraft + Laura Ellen Huffmaster

Participant # 20906: Job Pendergrass b.1753 +2 Mary > Moses Pendergrass b. 1793 NC + Margaret Mashburn > Wesley Powell Pendergraft b. 1828 + Ellen Rose > Thomas Jasper Pendergraft b. 1851 + Margaret Spurlock

Participant # 43664: Job Pendergrass b. 1753 +2 Mary > Thomas Pendergrass b. 1798 NC +1 Margaret > Joseph James Pendergraft b.c. 1830 NC + Ann "Nancy" > Ellis Webster Pendergraft b. 1858 MO + Martha Fletcher

Participant # 43660: Job Pendergrass b. 1753 +1 Nancy Edwards > Charnal Pendergrass b. ca. 1780 NC, d. 1878 IA +1 Unknown > Job Pendergraft, II, b. ca. 1810 NC, d. 1912 IA + Mary Ann Alloway > Wilson Albert Pendergraft b. 1840 TN, d. 1870 IA + Sarah Jane Ames

Participant # 102545: George Prendergast b. 1775 Ireland + Mary Meagher > Joeffrey Prendergast b. 1800 Ireland + Mary Haynes > George Palmyra Prendergast b. 1831 aboard ship Palmyra, bound for island of Ceylon + Mary O’Connell

Participant # 50946: Maurice de Prendergast accompanied Strongbow's invasion of Ireland in 1169, d. 1205 > Philip de Prendergast d. 1226 + Maud de Quincy > Sir William de Prendergast + Alianore de Bermingham > Jeffrey de Prendergast d. 1289 > Sir Philip de Prendergast > Maurice de Prendergast > John de Prendergast + dau. of O’Hartigan> Elias de Prendergast, Lord of Newcastle > to 23^rd generation

Participant # 13910: James Prendergast, b. ca. 1930, of County Mayo, Ireland

Participant # 66304: John Prendergrast, b. 1789, Ireland + Bridget Lyons > Thomas L. Prendergast b. 1839 County Mayo, Ireland + Julia Keenan > Thomas Francis Prendergast b. 1869 IL + Celia Marcella Cain > Everett Francis Prendergast b. 1907 IA + Grace F. McKenney

Participant # 43111: Patrick Prendergast, b. ca. 1781 Ballyfarnagh, County Mayo + Mary > Michael Prendergast b. ca. 1818 + Sarah Halligan > Patrick Thomas Prendergast b. 1868 + Delia Kilkenny

Participant # 3376: Thomas Prendergast b. 1783 Clonmel, County Tipperary, Ireland + Mary Murphy > John Prendergast b. 1816 + Jane Mucahy > Michael Fitzmaurice Prendergast b. 1867

Group 1:

My Pendergraft family in the United States traces its lineage from one James Prendergast, born ca. 1640, who immigrated ca. 1668, and lived in Middlesex County, VA. His wife, Mary, died there in 1715. According to legends that have been passed down in several branches of the family during the past 350 years, Ireland was the birthplace of James Prendergast.

On a trip to Ireland in the fall of 2003, we could not let the opportunity pass without at least trying to obtain DNA samples to compare with Pendergraft members of our family who live in the U.S. As novices in Irish history, we simply consulted "A Guide to Irish Surnames," 1964, by Edward Mac Lysaght. His "Irish Family Names Map" shows Ireland's principal families and the location of their lands from the 14th century to the 17th century, following the Cambro-Norman Invasion (also known as the Anglo-Norman Invasion). This map shows that Prendergasts were settled in two areas in Ireland: the southeastern part of County Mayo and the southern part of County Tipperary. Mac Lysaght states that descendents of this powerful family are still found mainly in the places of their original settlement.

With no other guidelines, we set out to locate persons in these areas in small villages where it would be likely that people would be well known to each other. We drove to a village in each these two areas, and asked at a hotel or restaurant if there were any Prendergasts in the area who were older and liked history. At each place, we were immediately directed to a family of this surname, and both families welcomed us and were happy to discuss their lineage and to participate in a larger Prendergast DNA research effort.

The hostile Cambro-Norman invasion of Ireland in May of 1169, led by Strongbow, Earl of Pembroke, was a defining episode which forever changed the lives of the Irish people. One of the leaders who played a prominent role in this invasion was a Welshman, Maurice de Prendergast. Irish historians believe that he was the ancestor of those who live in Ireland today who bear the Prendergast surname. Patrick Hanks and Flavia Hodges, in "A Dictionary of Surnames," Oxford University Press, 1996, state that "it is possible that many, if not all, present-day Prendergasts are descended from him and his wife, who was a Fitzgerald. William Prendergast, youngest son of Maurice, acquired New Castle near Clonmel in Tipperary, which was the family seat for several centuries." (Other historians believe William was the son of Maurice’s son, Philip de Prendergast, and thus a grandson of Maurice).

Although some of the descendents of Maurice were able to preserve relatively prominent positions in Ireland for centuries, during the intervening 850 years most have become fully assimilated into everyday life in Ireland. We are fortunate that a pedigree for some of the prominent descendents of Maurice de Prendergast has been preserved. This family is presented in "The Prendergasts," 2005, by Rollo Hume D.'Auvergne Prendergast, and a copy of this book may be obtained at: Lulu. The documentation for "The Prendergasts" was based on a manuscript entitled "Notes on the Prendergast Family collected and copied for John Patrick Prendergast by his kinsman and obliged friend, Gort." Gort was the 4^th Viscount Gort, and his notes were written in 1879. (John Patrick Prendergast was born in Dublin in 1808 and was the author of "The Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland," a book which is still regarded as the definitive account of Cromwell’s previously undocumented inhuman treatment of the Irish).

A descendent who traces his pedigree from one of the lineages presented in "The Prendergasts" has joined our DNA study, as Participant # 50946. His results give credence to the hypothesis that all of the men in Group 1 are descendents of Maurice de Prendergast (or relatives of Maurice who, although not mentioned in history, might have accompanied Maurice in the invasion).

A history of one of the Prendergast families from the Clonmel region, family seat of the Prendergasts, and where William de Prendergast (youngest son, or grandson, of Maurice) acquired New Castle, may be seen at: Maurie.