The Hard Little Words: Prepositions, Adverbs, Conjunctions

(With Some Definitions of Medieval Usage)

ac (conj): and

ad modum: adv. very, quite; fully; + neg. = at all

ad huc/adhuc: thus far, as yet, still, in addition, in the future

aliquam: in some degree

aliqui -qua -quod: some, any

aliquis -qua -quid: someone, something; some, any

aliquando: at times, sometimes; once, formerly

aliquotiens: several times, at different times

at (form of ad = in addition to): but (intro startling transitions)

atque: and as well, even, together with, in everything;

atque...atque, both..and

atqui: rather, however, but at any rate, but for all that (transition in arg.)

aut: or, at least, or else; aut...aut: either...or

autem: but, on the other hand, however

coram: adv. and prep. in the presence of, before

dehinc: adv. while, from here, from now, henceforth; then, next

deinde: adv. from there; then, afterwards; secondly, next (in order),

in the second (next) place

demum: adv. at last, finally, not till then; precisely, exactly, just, in fact,

certainly, to be sure; modo demum: only now, just now.

denique: adv. finally

donec: while, as long as, until

dum: conj. while, now; so long as, provided that, if only; until

enim: (conj) namely, indeed, certainly, in fact, for, because

eo quod: because

etenim: (conj) and indeed, for, as a matter of fact

etiam: also, besides; even, actually; (time) still

etsi: (conj.) though, although, and yet

fas (est): indecl. (it is) right, proper

huc: here, to this place; so far, for this purpose

ibi: there, then, therein, on that occassion

idcirco: for that reason, on that account, therefore

ideo: therefore, for this reason

illuc: (adv.) (to) there; to that; to him/her

immo: (adv.) or rather; indeed; no, yes (emphasis)

interdum: occasionally, sometimes, now and then

inde: from there, from that source, then, after; from then

iuxta: (adv) near by, alike, equally; (prep) close to, right after,

near to, beside.

iuxta (7th-15th c.): according to

iuxta aliquid: to some extent

ita: thus, so, in this way; ita...ut: just as, so...that

ita...quomodo: just as

licet: all right; (with dat + inf) it is right for someone to;

(conj) although, even if

modo: only, just now

necnon: also, moreover, certainly, besides

nempe: to be sure, of course

non numquam: sometimes

nondum: not yet

nonnullus -a -um: some, several

nuper: recently, lately

nusquam: nowhere

ob: before, in front of; on account of, because of; for the sake of;

instead of; in proportion to

ob rem: to the purpose, usefully

quam ob rem: wherefore, accordingly

olim: once; of old; one day

praeterea: besides, moreover; hereafter

postea: afterwards

postmodum: afterwards; presently

procul: far off

proinde: adv. consequently, therefore; just as

propterea: for that reason, therefore

prorsus/prorsum: (adv.) forwards; absolutely; in short

prout: (conj) according as

qua: (adv) where, as far as, how; qua..qua: partly...partly

qualibit: anywhere, any way, as you please

qualis -e: what sort of, what kind of, such as, as

qualiter: adv. how, as, just as

quam: (adv) how, how much; as, very

quamdiu: as long as; while; inasmuch as

quamquam: although

quamvis: (adv) however; (conj) although

quando: when (after nisi, ne) ever; (conj) when, since, because

quandoque: (adv) at some time; (conj) whenever, as often as, since

quantum: (adv) as much as, as far as, so much as, to what extent

quantus: how great, how much

in quantum: to what extent

quanto: for how much

quantum ad: in terms of, as far as x is concerned, with respect to

quapropter: wherefore

quare: by what means, how; why, wherefore

quasi: as if, as though

quatenus: adv.(inter.) how far, how long? (rel.) as far as, in so far as, since

quemadmodum: (adv) in what way, how; (conj) as, just as

quicquam: anything

quicumque quae- quod-: whoever, whatever; all that, any whatever

quidam quae- quid-: a certain one, someone, a kind of

quidem: indeed, in fact

quippe: adv. certainly, of course; conj.(explaining) for in fact, because,

since

quisquam quid-: anyone, anything

quisque quidque: each, each one, every

quisquis, quidquid: whoever, whatever; all

quo: where, what for, to what end

quoad: as to, with respect to

quocumque: wither so ever, how so ever

quod: (conj) because, as far as, in so far as, as for the fact that, in that,

that

quod si: but if

quodamodo: in a way

quomodo: how, in what way; (rel) as, just as

quondam: once, sometimes, formerly

quoniam: because, since, seeing that, now that

quoque: also, too

quot: how many; (conj) as many

quotiens: how often (rel) as often as

rursus: again, in turn

recte: rightly, correctly

rursum: again

sane: reasonably, sensibly; certainly, doubtless, truly; of course;

c. neg. = really, at all; to be sure, however

scilicet: adv. evidently, naturally, of course; (as explan. particle:)

namely, that is to say, in other words

semel: once

seu: = et

simul: at the same time; together; likewise

sin: but if

siquidem: if in fact; if only, if indeed; since indeed, since that

talis -e: adj. such, of such a kind, the following

taliter: in such a manner, so

tam: so, so greatly; tam...quam: so...as, much...as well as

tamen: yet, nevertheless, still

tamquam: as, just as; (conj) as if, just as if

tandem: at last, finally

tantum: (adv) so much, so greatly; to such a degree; so far; only

tantus -a -um (adj): of such (a size); so great, so much

tot: as many, so many

tunc: (avd) then, just the; thereupon, accordingly, consequently

ubicumque: wherever, everywhere

unde: whence, from where; wherefore; this being the case

usque: as far as, all the way, continually, straight on, up to; until

ut...ita: while...nevertheless

uterque -raque -rumque: both, each (of two)

utinam: would that, if only

utique: anyhow, at least, at any rate

utpote: as, in as much as

utrum: (conj) either, whether

velut: as, just as, as it were, as though

verumtamen: but yet, nevertheless

vero (conj): but, truly

videlicet: clearly, evidently; namely