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LESSON
4
Artist Of The Week: RAPHAEL Raphael was born Raffaello Sanzio in Urbino on April 6th 1483. His father Giovanni was a painter also who worked for the Montefeltro court. Raphael had his first lessons from his father. Raphael was an only child loved greatly by his parents. It is said that his mother kept him at home and took care of him herself. This was unheard of at the time by a family of their social standing. Unfortunately, by the age of 11 Raphael was an orphan. Raphael went on to become an artist his parents would have been proud of. His paintings have a naturalness and show emotion. You look at them and see God's beauty. Raphael in his short life also was an architect. While planning his buildings and terraces he also sought to include the type of buildings that the Romans would have built. It is said that on his work on St. Peter's it was his intention rediscover the "handsome forms of the ancient buildings." Raphael died suddenly in 1520 at the age of 37 from a fever. His work was well known and appreciated greatly before he died. He was considered a master and still is. To find out more about Raphael and see his work check out the Additional Sites below.
Site of the Week: A. Pintura: Art Detective!
Additional Sites to check out:
ATHENA: RAPHAEL, The School of Athens
LA SAGRADA FAMILIA DEL CORDERO:DE URBINO
"2" Words of the Week: Oil Paint: paint bound by poppy or linseed oil. It is the most popular medium for easel painting because of its ease of manipulation and saturated colors. With the addition of resin such as dammar varnish or gel medium, it is possible to glaze washes of color in oil paint. To learn more about oil painting you can check out the site: Notes on Oil Painting
Linear Perspective: A system of drawing or painting in which the artist attempts to create the illusion of depth on a flat surface. The lines of buildings and other objects in a picture are slanted inward making them appear to extend back into space. If lengthened these lines will meet at a point along an imaginary horizontal line representing the eye level. Each such imaginary line is called an orthogonal. The point at which such lines meet is called a vanishing point. We are going to look at an example of a picture employing linear perspective in our art project today!
Art Project: Wow! We've got math going in this art project and it's fun. 3-D During the Renaissance period when Raphael painted a technique was used to place figures and objects on a page to give them a three-dimensional look. They used a geometrical technique. Take your piece of paper and your ruler. Lightly with a pencil I want you to make an X on your paper going from corner to opposite corner on your paper using your ruler. Ok, have you got your 2 lines on your paper? Now I want you to put your ruler in the middle of the paper where the 2 lines meet and make a line straight up and down and a line across so these 2 lines should look like + on the page over the X. You should have 4 lines crossing on your page. Do you? Good! Now we can go on. Take your brown colored pencil and make a small door only 1 inch high in the middle of your paper where all your lines meet together. Once you have your door in place I want you to take your ruler one more time and draw a line from the right bottom corner of your door to the bottom of the page right between the middle of the lines straight down and out to the right corner because that is where you want this line to go to. Do the same on the left side at the bottom corner of the door to the bottom of the page. OK! The hard part is done. It kind of looks like a spider web not finished dosen't it! In order to see how far back our door is we want to do this. Take your red colored pencil. We are going to use it to draw the outline of bricks only between the the lines going out from the bottom of our door. See how the lines are further apart at the bottom of the page than at the bottom of the door? Starting at the bottom of the door make little squares going across. As you get closer to the bottom of the page you will make your squares in your walkway larger. The largest squares should be at the bottom of the page. When you are finished it should look like you have to walk back to get to the door? Does it? You can add people to your page making the taller people at the bottom edge and they get smaller as you make them closer to your door. For a good example using Raphaels paintings look at his painting: The Marriage of the Virgin. This painting can be found in our site of the week as an example of this same technique with the lines included. Just pick Raphael as your choice to see it once there!
Optional Art Project: Put your pencil in the center of your paper. Now spiral out making your lines further out as you go. Fill in the lines with colors if you want to using darker in the middle of the spiral and working lighter as you move to the outside of your paper. What does it look like to you. Does the middle look closer to you or further away?
Optional Writing Project: Raphael came from Italy. Can you find Italy on a map and in a encyclopedia? Write down some important information on Italy. What colors are it's flag? What is the capital? What language do they speak? What sports do they play? Can you think of any questions you can find about Italy?
Optional Science Project: Light plays an important part in our paintings. We can tell if its day or night by the amount of light we try to show in our paintings. On a nice sunny day I want you to go outside with your family members. You each will need a mirror! We are going to play "CATCH" with sunlight! 1. Everyone holds a mirror (big is better) 2. Everyone stands at an angle from each other. 3. Choose 1 person in the group to catch the sunlight's reflection. At the same time that person sends the reflection on to the next person's mirror (no skipping) and so on. 4. Choose 2 separate teams if you have a science class or co-op. Decide on a target such as the shaded side of a building or tree. Have a contest to see which team's reflection reaches the target first.
Optional History Project: I have found a wonderful site for you to check out this week called World History through Art! See if you can name the different major periods in art listed. For the older students can you give a reason for the different periods?
